Joshua Strege
In March of 2015, I saw a documentary called, "Revelation Of The Pyramids" by EKWANIM Productions. I expected to see a fairly typical (and possibly questionable) documentary of the pyramids, and something about the Great Pyramid of Giza having eight sides.
However, it wasn't what I expected. It pointed out the fact that the construction techniques of ancient megalithic sites were extremely similar in style in completely separate parts of the world. This puzzled me. I was then blown away when the documentary pointed out the straight line of ancient sites between Easter Island and Egypt. Then, it went on to say that this straight line of ancient sites was actually a circle around the planet, all within one degree, as long as the equator, dividing the Earth into two equal halves. This is called a
great circle.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_circle
If it was simply a perfect line of ancient sites from Egypt to Easter Island, that could be dismissed as freakishly coincidental. However, it's the megalithics that really tie these locations together. In the documentary "Revelation Of The Pyramids" by EKWANIM Productions, around 45 minutes into the documentary, it shows how similar these construction techniques are.
At first, I wasn't sure if it was real or not, but I couldn't find any information contradicting it. The more I researched, the more legitimate it became. I had to know, who did this, and why?
I had previously been under the impression that ancient people around the planet developed mostly independently of each other, and that was common knowledge. This strongly contradicted that assumption. I've been looking up information about it ever since I saw the documentary.
As a person who really likes when things make sense, I felt compelled to understand what was really going on. What made this even more tempting to solve was looking online and finding nothing even close to a solution (except extreme theories). I got so obsessed with trying to figure it out that it became like an addiction, and I had to make myself stop a few times to focus on my health and daily schedule.
If you continued to mark this line all the way around the planet, there are other important ancient sites that line up as well. Here are some significant locations along or very near the great circle (there are others):
Easter Island - 2,000 miles off the coast of South America
(Surrounded by 1,200 miles of uninhabited ocean area in all directions)
Nazca lines - Peru
Ollantaytambo - Peru
Machu Picchu - Peru
Giza - Egypt (near Cairo)
Petra - Jordan
Ur - Iraq
Persepolis - Iran
Mohenjo Daro - Pakistan
Khajuraho - India
Pyay - Myanmar (Burma)
Preah Vihear - Cambodia
Angkor Wat - Cambodia
Sukhothai - Thailand
If you would like a very clear visual of this, either watch the documentary “Revelation Of The Pyramids” (skip to around the 45 minute mark), or visit Jim Alison’s site, here:
The Prehistoric Alignment of World Wonders
- http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/
Even as I kept learning and finding more and more clues, the answers to the questions were constantly elusive. I thought I had it pinned to a specific location multiple times, but each time another question came up that threw it into question. The origin seemed to keep shifting from place to place around the world, and I just didn't know. I've since learned more information about this subject than any one source of information I can find about it. As of this writing I have developed an interesting story to tell, but there are still questions and missing information. I know the answers can be found, so I'm sharing this now in hopes that maybe cooperative research can piece together a solid understanding of the subject and we can solve some of the greatest mysteries of our own past. Most time spent researching has led to dead ends. I could spend all day, every day looking up information about this, but it just takes too much time to do the research on my own. This is human history. OUR collective story. I believe that information about human history shouldn't be repressed by any elite group, manipulated for some supremacist narrative, or controlled for monetary gain, or reputation. We all should be able to understand our true story as it actually occurred.
Due to the popularity of some theories, I feel this has to be mentioned... while doing the research, I intentionally decided to AVOID anything close to talking about aliens. No doubt, alien theories are popular. However, despite how fun it is to imagine, or how possible it may be, intuition, logic, and deductive reasoning tells me "no". When I consider all information, it simply isn't likely.
Possible? Yes, but not likely.
What seems to lead people to these conclusions is the fact that ancient people were certainly fascinated by the night sky. They often related to concepts having to do with the sky. It was one of the most reliable things in the natural world. In those times there were no city lights to obscure the view, and must have been a whole world of wonder. In fact, even the very concept of aliens may have developed from the many ancient stories passed down from one generation to the next. These stories were told using the stars as representations. The same stars used by the older generations remained for the newer generations. The sky became associated with immortality, and the land of the gods. The gods may have originally been conceptualized ancestors, or constellations, or maybe both.
There's a lot I could mention about these ancient stories about the sky and how they relate to this subject, but it's taken me long enough to sort through all the information I’ve already gathered. I'll save that for another time. Now then, leaving the aliens out of the picture, the question still remains, who were those who brought civilization to mankind? Who decided the locations of, and built, these circumglobal megalithic ancient sites? In an attempt to figure this out, let's start with...
Göbekli Tepe is an extremely important archaeological site in southern Turkey. The site dates from about 9,500 BC to about 7,000 BC and existed as just a mound for about 9,000 years. It's the oldest site found of its kind. Huge stone pillars in circular arrangements, not unlike Stonehenge, but much older, and with many mysterious carvings of animals and other symbolism, and progressively smaller stone circles from the lower to the upper layers.
It's fascinating to consider the rock carvings at Göbekli Tepe, prior to 7,000 BC, before the use of metal tools. Stone tools would likely have been used. There's evidence of the use of flint at the site. Harder rock would have been used to pound softer rock into dust.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_carving
Around the time of the earliest parts of the site, food crops were being cultivated in the Levant: emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, hulled barley, peas, lentils, bitter vetch, chick peas, and flax. Also in southern Turkey, Çayönü Tepesi and Cafer Höyük are two sites which appear to be involved in the domestication of Einkorn wheat (Emmer wheat present as well). The dates of wheat domestication at these sites range from 8,650 BC to 7,950 BC. This area may also have been the place where cattle and pigs were domesticated. The wild fauna in the area not only include wild boar, but wild sheep and wild goats. Karaca Dağ is a nearby site where the genetically common ancestor of 68 contemporary types of cereal still grows wild.
Other contemporary sites include:
Aşıklı Höyük (9,000 BC – 7400 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk
Nevali Çori (8,400 BC - 8,100 BC)
"Parallels are known from Cayönü and Göbekli Tepe. Monolithic pillars similar to those at Göbekli Tepe were built into its dry stone walls, its interior contained two free-standing pillars of 3 m height. The excavator assumes light flat roofs. Similar structures are only known from Göbekli Tepe so far."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neval%C4%B1_%C3%87ori
Ayn Ghazal or ‘Ain Ghazal (8,300 BC - 6500 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27Ain_Ghazal
A stone totem pole was found at Göbekli Tepe. I haven't looked into this very much. I suppose it suggests that Native Americans could have had some cultural ties to Göbekli Tepe, or one or more people from an ancient Central Asian culture, similar to Native American culture, visited Göbekli Tepe. According to this map of DNA studies from modern populations, Native Americans are related to Central Asia (which relates to the Hindu Kush area, which relates to the Fertile Crescent).
National Geographic - Map of Human Migration
- https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/human-journey/
Speaking of totem poles, a lot of them seem to have an eagle on the top. Eagles were seen as sacred, and because of their high flying ability they were considered to be closer to the creator.
- https://www.warpaths2peacepipes.com/native-american-symbols/eagle-symbol.htm
In Mexico, it has been told that the place to settle was where an eagle was sitting on a cactus with a snake in it's beak. This is represented on the flag of Mexico.
Also relating to eagles, I remembered hearing about a megalithic site somewhere in Russia, and the dna migration map shows people moving from Central Asia into the Americas, so I searched for information about it and read the name Altai.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altai_Mountains
I didn't find much information about the supposed ruins, but the name looked familiar, oh yes, " Altair ". It's the name of a star.
The name comes from an Arabic phrase that means "the flying eagle". It is located in the constellation of
Aquila
. Aquila is Latin for "eagle".
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquila_(constellation)
Along with Altai, and Altair, another word comes to mind.
Altar - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altar
It may be worth noting that, in the Bible, altars were often made on mountains or hills.
Despite Altai and Altair relating to eagles, the name "Alt" in Mongolian means gold, and in Turkic languages "Altin" means gold. Maybe these meanings were adapted when metal use began. The color of gold may relate to the color of the sun. There are other "alt" words that have to do with height. Such as altitude and alto (Spanish for "tall").
Side-note: ----
I wonder if the Arabic phrase that included "altair" could also mean "soaring eagle"? "Soaring" could mean something really tall, or something flying. I don't know, just a guess.
Side-note: ----
Like eagles, the mountains reached high into the sky, and were considered sacred. There must have been a lot of respect for the mountains in ancient cultures. The mountains were good hunting grounds and the source of rivers and fresh drinking water. The mountain rivers also brought silt downstream which fertilized the soil and allowed food producing plants to flourish. The mountains were linked to the thought of abundance and creation of life. They were nurturing caretakers. Mother Earth. Mountain lake landscapes must have looked like heaven. The mountains were also a source of wealth, holding precious stones, gems, and metals.
Side-note: ----
Ancient Greece, adapted the capital letter "A" from the Phoenician alphabet. I feel as if they may have altered the symbol to represent a snow capped mountain peak (likely Mt Olympus), although I don’t know if there’s any information on that or not, so you might have to ask the ancient Greeks what it meant to them yourself to know for sure.
Side-note: ----
In addition to other animal carvings at Göbekli Tepe, there are a lot of bird and snake depictions. There is bird and snake symbolism all over the world.
I figured that the original culture with eagle and snake symbolism probably came from an area where the two were common. I recently decided to look into the locations of snake eating eagles, and I was quickly pointed to Africa. Then I found this information on Circaetus (snake eagles):
"These are mainly resident African species, but the migratory short-toed snake eagle breeds from the Mediterranean basin into Russia, the Middle East and India, and winters in sub-Saharan Africa and east to Indonesia."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circaetus
What's interesting about this is that these are all human migration routes as well. Could human migration have been led by following eagles? Or, perhaps hunting other animals with the same habitat? Maybe the geography caters to both. I don't know much about the subject at this point, but it is interesting.
Also, I wonder about ancient drumming and dancing traditions in Africa and how they relate to the origins of the Native American eagle dance. What about the eagle headdresses of Native Americans and the vulture headdresses worn in Egypt? Egyptian headdresses seemed to be predominantly focused on vultures, although Egyptian deities Ra and Horus were associated with the falcon and the sun. The majority of bird carvings at Göbekli Tepe are also said to be vultures. Myths in Mesopotamia mention the existence of sages who have heads of birds, and on Easter Island there's the "bird-man" bas-reliefs.
Redirecting our attention away from Egypt and back to southern Turkey, the site of Göbekli Tepe is not located along the ancient great circle, however it relates, or seems to relate, to places along the great circle, such as Giza, for example. The site of Göbekli Tepe was buried on purpose sometime after 8,000 BC, and the backfill contained weapon points linked to other areas. Helwan, Byblos, Tell Aswad, and Nemrik.
The Helwan site is near Cairo, Egypt. Byblos is in Lebanon. Tell Aswad is near Damascus, Syria (there's also a megalithic site near Damascus called Baalbek). Nemrik is not far from Nineveh in northern Iraq, by the Tigris River.
These locations are significant, because three of them seem to be related to the so called "
promised land" (described as from the
Euphrates to the Nile, between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea), with the exception of Nemrik, which relates to
Nineveh, on the
Tigris. Which means all locations are strongly Biblical.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promised_Land
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baalbek
The time period of Göbekli Tepe pointing to Helwan ( Cairo ) is during a time when there's not much archaeological evidence of settlement in Egypt. Evidence for additional settlements of Egypt start around 6,000 BC, which is more than 1,000 years after Göbekli Tepe was buried. However, layouts at Çayönü Tepesi (one of the places with Emmer and Einkorn wheat) also seem to resonate with the Valley Temple in Giza (by the way, the temple has evidence pointing at being built at the same time as the Sphinx , and there are lion figures near Göbekli Tepe). Emmer wheat was the main wheat cultivated in Egypt in pharaonic times, although einkorn wheat was grown during the Third Dynasty. Emmer, Einkorn, and barleys were found preserved in the subterranean chambers beneath the Step Pyramid. So, although the evidence is much later in Egypt, the same crops are linked to both areas.
Çayönü Tepesi may also be linked to
neolithic metal experimentation.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ay%C3%B6n%C3%BC (Çayönü)
Before the dawn of agriculture, stone tools and weapon heads were the luxury items of the times, since hunting was the main means for survival. Mining for various types of stones would have led to the discovery of the amazing strength of metals, and learning how to move large stones during the mining process would likely have led to the development of megalithic construction technology (some of which is found in Turkey, Greece, Lebanon, and Egypt.) Exploring volcanoes and experience with fire and heating things would have eventually resulted in the technology of melting metal, and modifying it's shape.
The Armenian Plateau is considered to be the epicenter of the Iron Age . It's also known to be home of Mt. Ararat , the place where Noah's Ark from the the biblical story supposedly rested. He set up an altar, and humanity descended from there and spread throughout the Earth. While humanity is known, through DNA, to have come from Africa, the idea that modern humanity descended from Noah's family of Mt. Ararat could be due to the history of an ancient culture or lineage considered to be especially important to the author of the book of Genesis. DNA studies point to two major migrations out of Africa, and the second migration's journey took them into the Levant, tens of thousands of years ago, so the lineage associated with Ararat may be quite old.
"The 'Mountains of Ararat' in Genesis clearly refer to a
general region
, not a specific mountain. Biblical Ararat corresponds to Ancient Assyrian
Urartu
(and Old Persian
Armina
) the name of the kingdom which at the time controlled the
Lake Van region."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountains_of_Ararat
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urartu
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Van
Lake Van is about 250 miles to the north east of Göbekli Tepe. Near to Lake Van is a volcano called " Nemrut ".
"Besides the legendary relationship of the volcano with King Nimrod, in 1990s scientists discovered that Nemrut played an important role in the life of the first civilizations. Despite the abundance of
obsidian
sources in Anatolia and Iran, Nemrut was
the main source
of obsidian (–
the most important material of the Stone Age
–) for all settlements in Mesopotamia and the settlements of the Mesolithic era around the Dead Sea. The analysis of obsidian products revealed that the population of those areas used obsidian from only two sources: Nemrut and the nearby dormant volcano Bingöl. An
ancient center of obsidian processing
and trade was found at
Lake Van
, which was part of
one of the earliest trade routes."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemrut_(volcano)
In the Iron Age, the biblical kingdom of Ararat is known to the Assyrians as "territory of Uruatri".
I read that the Malayalam word "Uuru" means "place," but after forgetting the spelling and confusing it with " Uru ," I did a search for Atri , and this happens to be the name of a Vedic sage who wrote hymns to Vedic deities of Hinduism . Atri is also one of the Saptarishi ( seven sages ). Uru has different meanings in different areas at different times, but had it meant "place" to the Assyrians, not only did biblical history point to the mountains of eastern Turkey, but Hindu history points there as well. That’s an “if”. The idea that Atri was a Vedic sage from Ararat, if accurate, hints at the idea that the people of the Indus Valley (home of Mohenjo-Daro , on the great circle) may have migrated from the area of southern or eastern Turkey to Mehrgarh , or were at least in contact with that area. Especially considering the fact that they were farmers.
Side-note: ----
After further research, using similar word meanings, in my view "uru" seems more along the lines of "
shining
", "
glorious
", or "
golden
", and seems to relate to the
sun
. If that's the case, there appears to definitely be a connection between the Assyrians and vedic history, since the Assyrians knew Ararat as "territory of Uruatri," and the name would either be associating glory, wealth, or the sun to Atri. The name Assyria also does seem to resonate with the Vedic word "Asura". And ‘syria doesn't seem far from "Surya", who is the
solar diety
of Hinduism.
Side-note: ----
"
Asura
is used as an adjective meaning '
powerful
' or '
mighty
'."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asura
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surya
Side-note: ----
Damascus steel
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus_steel
(keep in mind, Tell Aswad, near Damascus, links to Göbekli Tepe through weapon points in backfill)
Side-note: ----
Mehrgarh is understood to be the earliest stages of what later became the Indus Valley Civilization, where Hinduism developed. It is among a few areas that start up settlements after Göbekli Tepe is buried.
Kermanshah region (8,000 BC - 6,000 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kermanshah
Çatalhöyük (7,500 BC to 5,700 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87atalh%C3%B6y%C3%BCk
Choga Bonut
(7,200 BC - 4,000 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chogha_Bonut
Jarmo
(7,090 BC - 4,950 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarmo
Mehrgarh (7,000 BC - 2,500 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh
Susa (as small Neolithic villages from 7,000 BC to around 4395 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susa
Choga Mish (6,800 BC - 4,800 BC)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chogha_Mish
The early settlers of Jarmo of northern Mesopotamia (northern Iraq) were also farmers, which is one of the reasons it's an easy link to the area of Göbekli Tepe. It's also less than 200 miles from the Nemrik site , which has direct links to Göbekli Tepe through weapon points. Jarmo also seems to be involved in trade between Lake Van and likely the areas of Chogha Bonut, Choga Mish, and Susa.
"In the earlier phases there is a preponderance of objects made from stone, silex- using older styles- and
obsidian
. The use of this latter material,
obtained from the area of Lake Van, 200 miles away, suggests that some form of organized trade already existed
, as does the presence of ornamental shells from the Persian Gulf."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarmo
The 200 miles mentioned must be a straight line rough estimate (the area of Lake Van). The straight line distance to the middle of Lake Van itself seems to be about 260 miles. Walking distance is more like 350 miles. The straight line distance to the Susiana Plain (the area of Chogha Bonut, Choga Mish, and Susa) is about 280 miles, and its still about 130 miles from the Persian Gulf.
Choga Bonut - "This settlement on the Susiana Plain played a big role in the early
Elam
civilization."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chogha_Bonut
Elam is also the name of one of Noah's grandchildren .
The Saptarishi (seven sages) are mentioned in Hinduism. Mesopotamian religion mentioned seven sages as well (Apkallu or Abgal), that brought civilization to mankind.
"They are commonly represented as having the lower torso of a fish, or dressed as a fish."
"They appear in one of three forms, bird-headed, human-headed or dressed in fish-skin cloaks."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu
As I was writing this, I realized... the Apkallu must have been certain deities of those times. Ra is bird-headed, Dagon has a fish skin cloak (sometimes lower torso of a fish), and Matsya has the lower torso of a fish.
Ra - Egypt - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra
Dagon - Mesopotamia and Levant - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagon
Matsya - India - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsya
It’s interesting to note that Mesopotamia is somewhat central to the locations of these other deities, Egypt and India.
The idea of seven sages bringing civilization to mankind, seems to resonate with the seven days of creation in the Bible, there are also ten primary avatars of Vishnu, and the biblical 10 commandments. The story of Manu and Matsya in the Shatapatha Brahmana (Yajur veda) resonates with the story of Noah. Matsya, in the form of a fish, "tells him the date of the great flood, and asks Manu to build a boat by that day, one he can attach to its horn. On the predicted day, Manu visits the fish with his boat. The devastating floods come, Manu ties the boat to the horn. The fish carries the boat with Manu to the high grounds of the northern mountains."
Activity at Mehrgarh, in Pakistan, also started settling around the time as Jarmo, in Iraq. Mehrgarh's earliest farmers grew wheat and barley, and had sheep, goats and cattle. It's currently not clear to me exactly how Mehrgarh, Jarmo, and Susa got settled, or how Mehrgarh relates to other two. Jarmo has links to Lake Van (obsidian), and Mehrgarh has links to the Hindu Kush ( lapis lazuli ). The National Geographic migration map shows these two areas (Fertile Crescent and Hindu Kush) linked through genetics, likely much prior to 7,000 BC. It has been suggested that the domestication of cattle in the area of Mehrgarh was a separate event, and that seems likely. However, considering the type of farming they were doing and the types of animals they had, it seems to me the knowledge of domestication, or the cultural environment that would cause it, is likely to have spread through contact between these two areas. But Mehrgarh is in Pakistan, so, where's the link? Could there have been travel along the rivers... could it be the ancient Oxus river (now known as the Amu Darya, it links the Hindu Kush to the Caspian Sea)? I would have thought then, that Tehran would have been older than it is, since it's history goes only back to around 5,000 BC. Could there have been an ancient trade network between the Hindu Kush and the Arminian Highlands? Is that how Jarmo and Mehrgarh settled with a farming lifestyle around the same time?
Side-note: ----
I looked this up as I was writing this:
"Discoveries in the Huto cave and the adjacent Kamarband cave, near the town of Behshahr, Mazandaran south of the Caspian in Iran, suggest human habitation of the area as early as 11,000 years ago." - that's around 9,000 BC.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Sea
Side-note: ----
Lapis lazuli has been found at Mehrgarh, and the major source is in northeast Afganistan and Pakistan (Hindu Kush). What really caught my attention was this: "Today, mines in northeast Afghanistan and Pakistan are still the major source of lapis lazuli. Important amounts are also produced from mines west of Lake Baikal (east of the Altai) in Russia, and in the Andes mountains in Chile..." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapis_lazuli
It would really make a lot of sense if I could find evidence for neolithic trade between Lake Van and the Hindu Kush, but then wouldn't there be lapis lazuli in the Levant? Hmm... Oh, ok, just read this: "Lapis lazuli has been mined in Afghanistan and exported to the Mediterranean world and South Asia since the Neolithic age." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapis_lazuli
How though? I'm obviously missing some information here.
Possible leads:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khurasan_Road
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darra-e_Kur
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mousterian
("In North Africa and the Near East, Mousterian tools were also produced by anatomically modern humans. In the Levant, for example, assemblages produced by Neanderthals are indistinguishable from those made by Qafzeh type modern humans.")
Side-note: ----
I had already suspected
Lake Baikal
to be a favored spot among ancient people due to the lake having islands and surrounded by mountains. This is the same situation as
Lake Titicaca
in the Andes. Also,
Tiotihuacan
has an
island-lake-mountian
orientation in it's megalithic construction, and the location of the Mexican
eagle
with a
snake
in it’s beak on a cactus is also said to have been on an
island
in the middle of a
lake.
Another such place, with an
island
in a
lake,
surrounded by mountains (well, a crater really) is Lake Toba on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.
Lake Toba also has a very unique and interesting history.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Baikal
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teotihuacan
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Toba
Side-note: ----
Maybe there's a hint in the word "Manu".
Pakistan - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)
South America - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%C3%BA_National_Park
Easter Island - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangata_manu
and...
Egypt - In Egyptian mythology, there are the mountains of Manu and the mountains of Bakhu, each associated with a lion. Given the lion symbology, in my mind, this concept may pre-date the civilization of egypt itself. What if Manu and Bakhu weren't in Egypt, but in a different location? This is speculative, so this concept, if incorrect, could all fall apart at some point. However, we'd be then looking for a place with Manu to the west and Bakhu to the east. In hinduism, Manu is associated with the beginnings of man. Noah is also associated with the beginnings of man, in a similar way. In fact, some aspects of each seem to have likely come from the same original story. If Noah is associated with the mountians surrounding Lake Van, then perhaps Manu is also. Then, if Manu (Ararat) is west, then Bakhu should be to the east. Baku, located to the east and slightly north of Lake Van, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baku
Traces of settlement go back to the stone age. This leads me to wonder, what is important in between these two areas? Could it have led to these mountainous myths in Egypt? Well, there's the Aras River and Lake Sevan. Tabriz and Lake Urmia is to the south. What's interesting about the Aras, is that it's other name is Araxes. Among the sons of Shem are... Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, and, Aram. Aram and Aras? Arphaxad and Araxes? Maybe a bit of a stretch here, but similar form. Asshur and Assyria? I don't know, you tell me. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aras_(river)
This is as far as I've researched on this aspect so far, although it seems promising.
---- Update (07-13-2018):
After listening to a Joe Rogan podcast with Graham Hancock... I am now aware of a stone circle in Arminia called Karahunj which is near Sisian. With an elevation of 5,200 ft... I think it’s fairly safe to say this is in the mountains. A stone circle... or altar... in the mountains, in the Mountains of Ararat... could this stone circle possibly be the altar that Noah supposedly set up after the flood? Karahunj is between Lake Sevan and Lake Urmia, and north of Tabriz. Everything I wrote in the former paragraphs, I wrote before I knew about this. Personally, I find the correlation shocking.
---- Update (07-13-2018)
There also seems to be a similarity between the name Bakhu and the names Balkh, Bakhdhi, Bakhtrish; which could alternatively relate the mountains of Bakhu to the Hindu Kush.
Editor note: Before jumping right into the bronze age, foretell a bit about how the ages fit together
I don't have a lot of information about the time period between around 7,000 BC to around 4,000 BC. That's mainly because most information is archaeological, and writing was not yet invented. There's still a lot we don't know about the bronze age, even after people invented writing, but there's a lot of information online in bits and pieces if you look for it.
Many of the clues I've gathered about the great circle tend to point to the bronze age, or later, when metal and sea worthy ships with sails were in use. It is the time of Birds, snakes, and circles. The time of sun gods and building with reeds. The time of key cuts and metal clamps. The time of the building of the Pyramids. The time of ancient civilization.
Many of the megalithic sites along the great circle feature a construction technology utilizing keystone cuts and poured molten metal clamps. The stone sides are so flat that the stones nearly fuse together. It is said that not even a razor blade can fit between them. A carving is made on top, across the boundary of the stones, and molten metal poured in and cooled. The metal clamp holds the stones together and makes the structure earthquake proof. This means that at the time the megalithic structures were being built, the builders already had a knowledge of working with metal. That gives us a clue that at least some of the megalithic sites along this great circle were built within or after the bronze age. The accuracy of the alignment of monuments (at least between Easter Island and Giza) and distance traveled suggests a great deal of energy was put into the idea, which suggests a powerful influence likely due to an advanced civilization, which archaeologically speaking, is not likely before the bronze age. The pyramids were built around 2,500 BC and the bronze ages begin around 3,300 BC, so that fits in quite well.
I had previously wondered if these plans had been in the works for thousands of years, since people reached the tip of South America by 12,000 BC. However, it seems likely that a design plan was developed during the same time period the project was started. It may have been continued or expanded upon by later civilizations, but in my opinion, it's highly doubtful that it was planned thousands of years before it's implementation (not completely impossible though).
I'll briefly cover the Mound-Builders. In Graham Hancock's documentary series Quest For The Lost Civilization he says - "This is the temple of Edfu in upper Egypt. Carved on it's walls are acres of hieroglyphic texts which speak of a time when the gods lived on an island surrounded by a vast ocean. A terrible flood destroyed the island and drowned almost all of it's divine inhabitants. There were only a few survivors, amongst them the seven sages, (also called the seven builder gods) who chose to settle in Egypt. They traveled around this land building sacred mounds which were to be the foundations of all future temples. Their objective was nothing less than to re-create the former world of the gods."
The temple of Edfu was a Ptolemaic period construction and dates between 237 BC and 57 BC. This is a myth that seems, to me, to relate to constellation stories which I am not clear on at this point. The mound-building concept likely began with Göbekli Tepe. It is considered to have been a religious site, and the stone circles were built in layers. It seems that after a certain time period of use they buried the older ones and put new ones on top. By burying the older temples they created sacred mounds, which became foundations for newer temples. There are also ancient mounds in China (considered pyramids), United States (Cahokia Mounds), the Olmecs (the people who made the giant stone heads) also built mounds (from the TV series "Digging for the Truth - Kings of the Stone Age"), and in Peru there are pyramid shaped formations called Paratoari. These formations in Peru are considered natural formations, but have a very seemingly man-made orientation and happen to be in line with the ancient great circle. I also find it interesting they are in the "Manu" area of the forests.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_pyramids
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cahokia
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmec
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pyramid_of_Cholula
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paratoari
It's worth a brief mention of the hand positions of the carvings of the megalithic T-pillars at Gobekli Tepe. They are hands resting in front of the belly and are strikingly similar to the hand positions of some Moai statues on Easter Island. Many people have concluded this to represent a "birthing posture". I had previously imagined them to be meditative poses, with the hands resting on the lap in front of the belly. However, I'm pulling back my thoughts on this one until I learn more. I need to understand more about the subject. It's also worth mentioning that an ancient script was found on Easter Island that has similarities to an ancient script found in the Indus Valley. Easter Island and Mohenjo Daro are locations along the great circle, but are on opposite sides of the planet.
- http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/easterislandindusvalley1.htm
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rongorongo
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_script
Along with birds and snakes, there are circles. At Göbekli Tepe there's a carving of a bird with a circle near it’s wing. The specific image I’m referring to, which is commonly found in images of Göbekli Tepe, and referred to as “the vulture stone”, looks more like an eagle than a vulture to me. Native American totem poles represent eagles as having the down-turned beak, and straight beaks represent ravens. However, it’s hard to tell since some vultures have a similar beak, such as the Lappet-Faced Vulture. Whether this is a vulture or an eagle (such as the Eastern Imperial Eagle), I leave it to you to decide. Either way works, but has different implications. A vulture circling around the sun almost seems to suggest that the sun is dying, or setting, and seems to relate to Egypt. An eagle could represent our relationship to the sun, and relates to Native Americans. The orientation of the bird, with it's wings held up at a 90 degree angle, is similar to ancient Egyptian art of bird associated gods (such as Nekhbet, Horus, and Maat), except, in Egypt the wings aren't held up, but out in front and not quite a 90 degree angle. However, they look quite similar, and this Egyptian art was produced thousands of years later so the form is likely to have evolved some.
Although bird, snake, and circle symbolism obviously have earlier origins, most expressions seem to relate to the bronze age. Nekhbet was an early predynastic local goddess in Egyptian mythology, who was the patron of the city of Nekheb, and often depicted as a vulture holding a circular object called a "Shen ring" ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shen_ring ). The bird associated Egyptian gods often hold onto circular objects, or have circular objects on their head, said to represent the sun.
There's a lot of this "bird-and-circle" symbolism in ancient Persia and the Oxus Civilization as well.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bactria%E2%80%93Margiana_Archaeological_Complex
The "Tangata manu," meaning, "bird-man," is sometimes depicted holding onto a circle, said to be an egg, at Easter Island. The depiction is similar to other bird type figures on rock carving at Göbekli Tepe.
There's also many carvings of snakes at Göbekli Tepe, and snake and circle symbolism in Egypt and elsewhere.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadjet
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouroboros
Nekhbet was the patron deity of Upper Egypt, depicted as a vulture.
Wadjet was the patron deity of Lower Egypt, depicted as a snake.
When Upper and Lower Egypt unified both were eventually represented on the Pharoah's crown (see the link for "Nemes").
In India, there's the mythological bird-like creature Garuda and serpent king Vasuki.
In China there's the Chinese phoenix Fenghuang and the Chinese dragon.
In Japan it's Karura (gigantic fire breathing birds) and Kuraokami (water dragon).
The Aztecs, Mayans, and Olmecs also had the feathered serpent.
On Easter Island, there are references to a "bird-man" and "fish-man" (in some cases looks more like an eel), and similarily, in Sumer there was the "Abgal" or Akkadian "Apkallu" (either having an eagle head or the lower torso of a fish).
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemes
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garuda
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasuki
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenghuang
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karura
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuraokami
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feathered_Serpent
- Easter Island "Birdman" - http://culturalinstitute.britishmuseum.org/asset-viewer/birdman-boulder/-QEzFc9ehfO2ng?hl=en
- Easter Island "Fishman" - http://www.janeresture.com/polynesia_myths/eastersnake.jpg
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu
This bird and snake, or bird and fish symbolism seems, to me, to be a vertical association. Birds are associated with the sky (heavens), and snakes are associated with the ground (earth), and fish for in the ocean. It may also be related to energy flow. Eagles can ride air currents in circles to go higher without flapping their wings, resembling the sun as it rises in the east. Serpents or dragons are also often associated with rivers, flowing from the hights of the mountains to the depths of the earth in a slithering side to side motion. The sun moves through the sky and at times was thought to travel under the ground. The red color at the horizon suggests blood of a battle. I imagine that mythological birds and snakes would most likely meet at the horizon, sometimes at the tops of the mountains. Apep is another Egyptian serpent.
"Since everyone can see that the sun is not attacked by a giant snake during the day, every day, storytellers said that Apep must lie just below the horizon.
In some stories Apep waited for Ra in a western mountain called Bakhu, where the sun set, and in others Apep lurked just before dawn, in the Tenth region of the Night."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apep#Battles_with_Ra
Bakhu is actually to the east where the sun rises, so at some point someone got confused, but you get the idea.
These concepts are also likely to have been projected onto the constellations, or may have come from them. In the northern night sky there's Aquila (eagle), Cynus (swan), and Draco (dragon). Maybe eagle, vulture, and snake? With the big dipper being a fish? Constellation associations are a related, but lengthy topic, as I have many underdeveloped thoughts about it. Another example is this: some constellations never touch the horizon, they would have been associated with birds, or have wings. Snakes or serpents are often associated with the Earth, but Draco is one of those that is always seen above the horizon. So, Draco would have wings, therefore Draco is a Dragon, King of the Serpents, and King of the Earth. This relates to the feathered serpent (Quetzalcoatl) of the Americas. In the Bronze ages, Draco's star Thuban would have been the north pole star, and Draco would have spun with Earth's axis, which are other reasons for Draco to be known as King of the Earth. Some constellations rise and set beyond the horizon, and swim through the deep waters of the Earth, like a fish jumping out of the water. Therefore the Apkallu (Akkadian), or Abgal (Sumerian), the seven Mesopotamian sages (sometimes having bird heads, sometimes lower half of a fish), are in my opinion, likely to be constellations. I have decided to put those topics aside for now, as I continue to develop understandings on the topic.
In many cases, birds were associated with the sun, and the sun god. The Egyptian god Ra is sometimes represented as having the head of a falcon (it’s said, although he really looks like a Short-Toed Snake Eagle to me.) Ra is a sun god.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_deity
Garuda is the mount (vahana) of the Lord Vishnu.
"In the Vedic texts, the deity or god referred to as Vishnu is Surya or Savitr (Sun god), who also bears the name Suryanarayana."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnu
In many of the polynesian myths, Maui restrains the sun. In the Maori myths, Maui takes on the shape of a pigeon when he looks for his father. So, there are bird and sun associations with Maui. There are similar stories of restraining the sun in South America. In the Hawaiian myths, Maui's father's name is "Ru". If you ask me, that doesn't sound far from "Ra" and "Re". Maui's father's name is "Makeatuta" (Maori). In the mythology of Easter Island, Makemake is "the god of fertility and the chief god of the 'Tangata manu' or bird-man cult (this cult succeeded the island's more famous Moai era)." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makemake_(deity)
Contradicting this statement of the time period, another page says this, "The Birdman cult was suppressed by Christian missionaries in the 1860s.
The origin of the cult and the time thereof are uncertain, as it is unknown whether the cult replaced the preceding Moai-based religion or had co-existed with it."
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangata_manu
If you ask me, the details of the Birdman competition suggests ties with the bronze age and constellation myth, with reed craft use and possibly the bird and snake constellations of the northern sky with the servant gods being the main star of each constellation. This is just a guess though.
In many ancient civilizations around the world, the rulers were assocated with sun gods.
In Egypt, during the Fourth Dynasty, Pharaoh is son of the sun god Ra.
In South America, Inti is son of sun god Viracocha.
Inca emperors were believed to be descended from Inti.
In India (Mahabharata), Vaivasvata Manu (see Shraddhadeva Manu link below) is son of the sun god Vivasvan, also known as Surya in Hinduism.
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inti
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viracocha
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsya
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shraddhadeva_Manu
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surya
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomen_(Ancient_Egypt)
"Heliopolis was a major city of ancient Egypt." "It was principally notable as the cult center of the sun god Atum, who came to be identified with Ra and then Horus." "It is now located in Ayn Shams, a northeastern suburb of Cairo." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliopolis_(ancient_Egypt)
Baalbek in Lebanon was also known as Heliopolis - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baalbek
There's also Avestan Yima, Sanskrit Yama, and Persian Jamshid...
"There are also a few functional parallels between Avestan Yima and Sanskrit Yama, for instance, Yima was the son of Vivaŋhat, who in turn corresponds to the Vedic Vivasvat, 'he who shines out', a divinity of the Sun." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamshid
There's also sun god Utu in Sumer. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utu
Japan (land of the rising sun) has a native legend (Ainu) that mentions the arrival of the "Children of the Sun". In the United States (Cahokia) there's a legend of a "man who came down from the sun" and mediated between the creator and the people and the sun and the earth. In Mexico, the place to settle, according to the sun god, was where an eagle was sitting on a cactus with a snake in it's beak on an island in a lake.
There are some interesting details related to Jamshid. Although it's not clear how much, if any, is true.
- "According to the Shāhnāma of the poet Firdausī, Jamshid was the fourth king of the world." - "He was responsible for a great many inventions that made life more secure for his people: the manufacture of armor and weapons, the weaving and dyeing of clothes of linen, silk and wool, the building of houses of brick, the mining of jewels and precious metals, the making of perfumes and wine, the art of medicine, the navigation of the waters of the world in sailing ships." - "From the skin-clad followers of Keyumars, humanity had risen to a great civilization in Jamshid's time." - "But Jamshid's pride grew with his power, and he began to forget that all the blessings of his reign were due to God. He boasted to his people that all of the good things they had came from him alone, and demanded that he should be accorded divine honors, as if he were the Creator." - "Jamshid fled from his capital halfway across the world, but he was finally trapped by Zahhāk and brutally murdered. After a reign of seven hundred years, humanity descended from the heights of civilization back into a Dark Age." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamshid
Jamshid was one of the Pishdadi kings - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pishdadian_dynasty
The first king, is listed on the wiki page above as Giomart, the Keyumars (Gayō Marətan, the Avestan name of the mythological first human being in the world.) This means "the living mortal", from gaya "life" and marətan "mortal, human being".
Speaking of gaya, the place famous for where the Buddha is said to have obtained enlightenment, under the Bodhi Tree, is Bodh Gaya. Historically, it was known as Uruvela, Sambodhi, Vajrasana or Mahabodhi. It also appears to be close to the great circle, but I haven't seen anything written about an alignment (correction: it appears to line up with a suggested secondary alignment - http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/second.html ).
I keep running into names that contain "Uru". Uruatri, Uruvela, Uruk, even Urubamba in South America (near Machu Picchu). The Indian epic Mahabharata describes a conflict in an Indian kingdom called Kuru. The conflict is known as the Kurukshetra War. The fact that Kuru and Uruk both spell each other backwards is interesting.
In South America, the Uru people, or Uros, live on the water at Lake Titicaca on floating reed platforms and houses. On the lake there is an "Island of the Sun" and "Island of the Moon". With over 80 ancient ruins on the Island of the Sun. After I got frustrated trying to find the source of the Sun gods, I soon realized that many of the early major civilizations of the world had something to do with reeds.
Sometimes just reed beds, but sometimes a culture of people who used the reeds for boats, homes, and other things. The most obvious connections are the ones between the boats and floating reed homes of the Uru people at Lake Titicaca, the papyrus boats of ancient egypt, and floating reed homes in Sumer (kibasha).
Not so obvious was Japan's ancient name ("Ashihara no Nakatsukuni" which means "middle country of reed beds"), or the Maya calling Teotihuacan "place of reeds", the Olmecs also had a similar environment to other early cultures.
Side-note: Notice a similarity between "kibasha" and "Ashihara"? Asha or Ashi. Must mean reed. Hmm, “sha” and “shi”, I wonder if that relates to the asian names "Shan" and "Shin"? Shan is Chinese for "mountains" or "mountain range". Ashin may mean "rock", according to something I read. Guess not. I don't know. Interesting though. ----
The reed used by the Uru people of Lake Titicaca is called Totora. Totora also grows on Easter Island. The Quechua name is T'utura, which is also the name of a mountain peak in the Bolivian Andes. Interestingly, the sun god of Sumer "utu" and the sun god of Egypt "Ra" can be found in the name. There may be other places that relate to reeds, but it's not easy to look up information about reeds in ancient cultures. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uru_people - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totora_(plant) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed_boat - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teotihuacan - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashihara_no_Nakatsukuni - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmec
Utu was the Sun god of Sumer, Inti was the Sun god of the Inca. In the Indian Mahabharata, Prince Uttar has a sister, who's name is Uttarā. Uttar is prince of the Matsya Kingdom. Utu is son of the goddess of reeds, Ningal, and son of the god of the moon, Nanna.
There's also Egyptian and Mesopotamian gods named "Tutu": - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutu_(Egyptian_god) (sphinx looking depiction) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutu_(Mesopotamian_god)
The reed connection led me to also noticing that the same places related to megalithics. Well, with the exception that Sumer was using mud-brick, not stone. The pyramids of Egypt, the ziggurats of Sumer, walls of the imperial palace in Tokyo, Pyramid of the Sun in Teotihuacan, the Olmec heads, Ollantaytambo and many others in Peru and Bolivia, and the Moai statues of Easter Island. There are megalithic stone ruins on Easter Island as well (the construction being very similar to South America's).
Reed thatch was also often used during the bronze age. The cultural similarities between the Nile, Euphrates, and Titicaca, without much evidence for settlement along the way, seems to suggest travel across large distances in relatively short periods of time.
The distance from Giza to Lake Titicaca is about 7,300 miles and crosses the Atlantic Ocean. If this distance was traveled by land, but crossing the Bering Strait, it would require going the other direction. A straight line distance across the ocean in that direction would be 17,600 miles, but then you'd have to add the trip up to the arctic and then back down to South America. That's a lot of distance. The most logical choice would be a fast, sea worthy ship, and travelling from East to West across the Atlantic. Since seafaring isn't likely prior to the bronze age, then we'd be looking for a fast seafaring ship in or around the bronze age, or possibly later.
I previously mentioned that weapon points were found in the backfill of Gobekli Tepe that link to a few different areas such as Helwan (Cairo, Egypt), and Tell Aswad (near Damascus). Another was Byblos. Since weapon points from both Cairo and Byblos were found, then that suggests that these areas may have been in contact with each other going all the way back to the time it was backfilled, around 7,000 BC. Byblos is believed to have been occupied first between 8,800 BC and 7,000 BC. The area is mentioned in Egypt in myths about Egyptian gods. One of the oldest Egyptian names for an oceangoing boat was "Byblos ship". I don't know when people from Byblos first started sailing the Mediterranean Sea, although timbers from Byblos were used in First Dynasty Egyptian tombs. The first Dynasty is said to have been somewhere around 3,200 BC to 3,000 BC.
"The Phoenicians and their successors, the Carthaginians, were particularly adept sailors and learned to voyage further and further away from the coast in order to reach destinations faster." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_navigation
If it sounds impossible for the Phoenicians to have traveled to the Americas, look for a paper called “Did The Phoenicians Discover America?” by Thomas Crawford Johnston. It will at least give you the sense of possibility, although I’m not sure I agree with some parts. For example, even if they did have a magnetic compass, I believe they still would have used the stars to navigate. Also, if they could have made it from the Mediterranean all the way around Africa to the Polynesian islands, there’s really no reason that they couldn’t have made it across the Atlantic, etc. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_navigation - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_coordinate_system
The ancient people of Byblos considered themselves Canaanites. The name Canaan is an interesting one.
Byblos was known by the greeks as a place to get paper from papyrus for books, and is where the name "Bible" comes from. Another word similar to "Bible" and "Canaan" is the word "Canon".
"This word [Canon] is derived from a Hebrew and Greek word denoting a reed or cane." - http://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/canon/ "rule" or "measuring stick" - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_canon
"Scholars connect the name Canaan with knʿn, Kana'an, the general Northwest Semitic name for this region." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaan
"Kannur, also known by its anglicised name Cannanore, is a city and a Municipal Corporation in Kannur district, state of Kerala, India ... There are many myths and legends associated with the name Kannur. It is believed to be a portmanteau derived from two Malayalam words, ‘Kannan’ (Krishna, a Hindu deity), and ‘Uuru’ (place), the Land of Lord Krishna. During the British Raj, the city was known by its anglicised name Cannanore, the Portuguese version of its ancient name, 'Kannanore'." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannur
I wonder if the name Kannan, and Canaan, are related somehow? Kerala has been popping up here and there all throughout my research, for many different reasons. Including it being the origin of many well known tropical food plants, which probably goes back to ancient trade. I haven't been able to find much information on the subject of ancient Asian sea travel. However, I do find it extremely fascinating that there is a type of boat in Kerala, with ancient knowledge of construction, that is called an "Uru". - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uru_(boat)
The Canaanites of Byblos seem to have ties with the megalithic culture of Göbekli Tepe. So, in addition to carpentry, they may have also had skills of stone masonry. These people eventually became the Phoenicians. I was watching a video about the Phoenicians (The Quest for the Phoenicians), and at one point, as the narrator was talking, he was standing in front of some stone ruins and called it a Phoenician settlement. It was obvious to me that the stone construction was of the same type as that found in megalithic ruins all along the great circle.
However, the most accurate part of the great circle is a straight line between Giza and Easter Island, and does not go through Phoenicia. That makes it seem as if it was an Egyptian endeavor. The grand plan for the alignments may have originated during the time that Egypt held influence over Phoenicia, or maybe Egypt hired their ships. It has been suggested that Byblos was virtually an Egyptian colony during the Old Kingdom. Also...
“Objects have been found at Byblos naming the 13th Dynasty Egyptian king Neferhotep I, and the rulers of Byblos maintained close relationships with the New Kingdom pharaohs of Ancient Egypt.”
“It appears Egyptian contact peaked during the 19th dynasty, only to decline during the 20th and 21st dynasties. In addition, when the New Kingdom of Egypt collapsed, in the 11th century BCE, Byblos ceased being a colony and became the foremost city of Phoenicia. Although the archaeological evidence seems to indicate a brief resurgence during the 22nd and 23rd dynasties, it is clear after the Third Intermediate Period the Egyptians started favoring Tyre and Sidon instead of Byblos.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byblos
Herodotus (484 BC - 425 BC, dates are approximate) had heard that the Phoenicians formerly dwelt on the shores of the Erythraen Sea and "began at once, they say, to adventure on long voyages, freighting their vessels with the wares of Egypt and Assyria". - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia
Assuming this information is correct, I've seen conflicting information about where or what the Erythraen Sea is. If referring to the Arabian Sea, they could have come from Aden (Arabian Peninsula), Sumer (Iraq), Bahrain, Elam (Iran), or Muziris (southwest India) for all I know. Muziris was an ancient sea port with unknown history linked to the area of Kerala (Malabar Coast). - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muziris
Herodotus said the city of Tyre was founded around 2750 BC. However, the people of Tyre are said to have come from Sidon, which has likely been around as long as Byblos. Also, Phoenician DNA links them to the local population of Lebanon according to “The Quest for the Phoenicians”. The only way I can figure this to make sense is… Byblos is connected to Göbekli Tepe, and so is Nemrik. Nemrik was trading with Lake Van, and had shells from the Persian Gulf. It’s likely that at the time people started sailing, trade was already occurring between Byblos and the Persian Gulf. People could have been traveling back and forth between the two areas. Not to mention, they’re connected by the river Euphrates. So, the Phoenicians could have come from the Persian Gulf and still had connections with the local population. This is all based on something Herodotus had heard though, so we don’t even know if it’s true or not.
Karachi, in Pakistan, is midway between the area of Elam and Kerala. It is where the Indus meets the Arabian Sea, habitation goes back to the late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic. A mesolithic culture in the Levant, the Natufian culture, dates from around 12,500 BC to 9,500 BC. That doesn't mean that’s the date in Karachi, only that they were using the same type of technology. Either way, it’s likely that people were inhabiting this area prior to agriculture. It would be interesting to know if obsidian from Nemrut was present in Karachi. It would also be interesting to find out when agriculture was first adopted in the area, but unfortunately I currently don't have that information. I sometimes wonder how much history could be found underneath our largest cities. Karachi is now the 6th most populous metropolitan city in the world. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karachi - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natufian_culture
Karachi could have easily adopted agriculture from Mehrgarh since both are near connected rivers, so boat travel would have been possible. Or, could Mehrgarh have been settled after Karachi adopted agriculture? I don't have enough information to draw a conclusion.
"According to David McAlpin, the Dravidian languages were brought to India by immigration into India from Elam. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peopling_of_India
"A minority of scholars have proposed that the Elamite language could be related to the Munda Language of India, some to Mon–Khmer of Cambodia and some to the modern Dravidian languages of India and Sri Lanka such as Tamil and Malayalam, in contrast to the majority who denote it as a language isolate." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elam
The Phoenicians, along with the Egyptians, were technically sophisticated with their carpentry and stone masonry. They helped build Solomon’s Temple. Also, Pythagoras was born to a Phoenician merchant from Tyre. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_geometry - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem
I’m not yet sure how the Minoans fit into all of this since I haven’t yet looked into it that far. However, their significance spans from around 2,600 BC to 1,100 BC and they likely traded with Canaan. “Through their traders and artists, the Minoan cultural influence reached beyond Crete to the Cyclades, Egypt's Old Kingdom, copper-bearing Cyprus, Canaan and the Levantine coast, and Anatolia.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minoan_civilization
Also on the page above, there is an image of what is called a “copper ingot” which certainly looks like a metal keystone cut clamp, which were often used at megalithic sites along the great circle.
A lot of strong clues in my mind point to the Egyptians, however, what I’ve read about the Egyptians seems to disagree with that conclusion. I just haven’t found enough information to suggest that they were capable of sailing across the Atlantic. However, had capable ancient Egyptian ships existed, they could have been set on fire during wars, and information about those ships could have been lost with the destruction of their library. However, with the information that I have, it seems to me that Egypt may have cooperated with the Phoenicians.
As far as a time frame, we have a few possibilities…
1. Old Kingdom of Egypt (2,686 BC to 2,181 BC) This is when the Pyramids were built and for that reason this seems to be the most likely time period in my mind. Step pyramids were also built in the Americas (although it’s suggested they were built much later.) The knowledge of step pyramids seems to suggest the time period that the information got to them, unless they learned how to do it on their own. I don’t know how it all came to be. However… “Pre-Olmec cultures had flourished in the area since about 2,500 BCE, but by 1,600 to 1,500 BCE, early Olmec culture had emerged, centered on the San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán site near the coast in southeast Veracruz. They were the first Mesoamerican civilization, and laid many of the foundations for the civilizations that followed.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmec There was also a ship buried at the foot of the Great Pyramid, but it does not seem like the type that would have been used to cross the Atlantic. Also, since those times, more time has passed for history to have been erased or forgotten between then and now.
2. The Hyksos (1,650 BC to 1,550 BC) The Hyksos comprised the fifteenth dynasty, from 1,674 BC to 1,535 BC. It is not known exactly who they were, and if you want to read about it, here you go… - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origins_of_the_Hyksos If they were Canaanites, there is a possibility that they knew about the Americas. They would have had 139 years to designate the locations for the ancient sites along the straight line from Easter Island to Giza. “When they were eventually driven out of Egypt, all traces of their occupation were erased. No accounts survive recording the history of the period from the Hyksos perspective, only that of the native Egyptians who evicted the occupiers, in this case the rulers of the Eighteenth Dynasty who were the direct successor of the Theban Seventeenth Dynasty.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyksos
3. New Kingdom of Egypt (1,550 BC to 1,077 BC) This is when Egypt controlled Canaan. With the pyramids having already been built in Egypt and established as recognizable and sacred symbols of Egypt, a plan during these times could have been designed to used the pyramids as a major point along this line. However, it wasn’t these Pharaohs that built the Pyramids.
4. Achaemenid Empire in Egypt (525 BC to 404 BC) This is when Egypt, Canaan, and Mesopotamia, were all under Persian control. However, there’s a problem here. According to Jim Alison’s site, Easter Island, certain places in Peru, and Giza all line up with the circle perfectly. However, Persepolis is 5 miles off. Not much, but with the others being 0 miles off, it seems to make a difference. This also suggests that the alignment between Easter Island and Giza had happened prior to this, since it was seemingly more related to Giza than Persepolis, and done by people with the ability to measure more accurately than the Persians.
Further evidence… cocaine, derived from American sources, was found in Egyptian mummies…
“In the study, samples were taken from nine mummies that were dated from between 1070 B.C. to 395 A.D.” - http://www.faculty.ucr.edu/~legneref/ethnic/mummy.htm
That leads me to conclude that Egypt was in contact with the Americas prior to 1070 BC.
So, why don’t we have enough information about this? Why is it a mystery today? Did mankind simply forget it’s history? It’s possible that this information may have only been shared among the ruling elite. Also, there was a lot of war and shifts of power between then and now, and often times new rulers would try to erase the history of the previous rulers.
“Alexander the Great took Tyre in 332 BC after the Siege of Tyre. Alexander was exceptionally harsh to Tyre, executing 2,000 of the leading citizens, but he maintained the king in power. He gained control of the other cities peacefully: the ruler of Aradus submitted; the king of Sidon was overthrown. The rise of Macedon gradually ousted the remnants of Phoenicia's former dominance over the Eastern Mediterranean trade routes. Phoenician culture disappeared entirely in the motherland.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia
Carthage, however, was still operating, until Rome destroyed the city and set up a Roman Carthage, completely erasing it’s history and changing it to a Roman one. With words like carnage (Carthage), and tyrant (Tyrian), and I've noticed many other similar words that may relate to the Phoenicians, it seems there was an ancient hatred of sorts towards them.
For a more detailed understanding of the situation, a good documentary to watch is “Engineering an Empire: Carthage”.
In ancient times, people practiced sacrifice to pacify their gods. Sacrifice is a very ancient custom. There seems to be a link between the Carthaginians and the Inca, Aztec, and Mayan human sacrifice rituals. Evidence suggests that the people of Carthage even sacrificed children.
“Carthage derived the original core of its religion from Phoenicia.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Carthage
This also reminds me of stories in the bible. Of course animal sacrifices are mentioned plenty of times, but human sacrifice is also a big part of it. In one story, King Herod ordered the death of all newborn children in Bethlehem. And also in Genesis 22 when Abraham is told to take his only son, who he loves, to the land of Moriah, and offer him as a burnt sacrifice upon a mountain. As he is about to kill his son he is then stopped and praised for his obedience, but his son gets to live. In fact, it seems to me, one of the most critical aspects of the Christian story is that God sacrifices his only son so that sacrifices are no longer required.
This human, and especially child, sacrifice may have been one of the reasons why the Phoenicians were attacked, defamed, and their history erased. If the Carthaginians were the last contact with the Americas at the time, then the rest of the world may have decidedly forgotten about the Americas and the savage people who lived there. Over time, it would be forgotten. One could compare this moment with the story of Atlantis where “the capital was destroyed” and “the continent sank into the ocean”. If that’s the case, considering the association with human sacrifice, then it’s no wonder the topic was taboo.
Now, let’s not forget Angkor Wat. It’s another megalithic site near the line of the great circle and is quite a significant site.
“The monument was made out of 5 million to 10 million sandstone blocks with a maximum weight of 1.5 tons each. In fact, the entire city of Angkor used up far greater amounts of stone than all the Egyptian pyramids combined, and occupied an area significantly greater than modern-day Paris. Moreover, unlike the Egyptian pyramids which use limestone quarried barely 0.5 km (0.31 mi) away all the time, the entire city of Angkor was built with sandstone quarried 40 km (25 mi) (or more) away.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkor_Wat
It was built in the shape of the constellation Draco. Thuban, one of Draco’s stars was the north pole star at the time the Pyramids were being built, during the bronze age. However, once again, there are a few problems though. If Angkor Wat was from the same time period as the pyramids of Giza, this would be a different story, but Angkor Wat is said to have been built much later, “in the early 12th century.” That’s AD... not BC! Thuban ceased being the pole star around 1,900 BC. It’s not exactly on the circle but according to Jim Alison’s site, it’s within one degree of the great circle. So, it definitely doesn’t seem to have been built by the same people as those who built on the line between Easter Island and Giza. Who then? The Khmer King, in Cambodia, for whom Angkor was built, was Suryavarman II. Notice "Surya" is in the name, which means "the sun" in Nepal and India, and is the Hindu sun god. It’s almost as if someone maintained and reestablished the cultural goals of the bronze age. The moat and temple designs suggest Hindu influence as well. Hinduism and bronze age suggest the Indus Valley culture. However, most of the cities of the Indus Valley Civilization had been abandoned by 1,700 BC.
“Archaeological excavations indicate that the decline of Harappa drove people eastward.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation
I’m not suggesting they ended up in Cambodia though. What I am suggesting is that the culture of this Khmer king seems linked to a culture in India. It’s likely that there was trade between the IVC (Indus Valley Civilization) and Kerala.
“There was an extensive maritime trade network operating between the Harappan and Mesopotamian civilisations as early as the middle Harappan Phase, with much commerce being handled by ‘middlemen merchants from Dilmun’ (modern Bahrain and Failaka located in the Persian Gulf).” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation
Sidenote: I’m not going to get into all the meanings of Dilmun, some of which is based in mythology, so it’s just a lot of details with no conclusion. I’ll just say from my point of view it’s assocated with what’s known to the Egyptians as the Kingdom of Osirus, and the twin mountains Meru and Bakhu. ----
“Kerala's spices attracted ancient Babylonians, Assyrians and Egyptians to the Malabar Coast in the 3rd and 2nd millennia BCE. Phoenicians established trade with Kerala during this period. The Land of Keralaputra was one of the four independent kingdoms in southern India during Ashoka's time, the others being Chola, Pandya, and Satiyaputra. Scholars hold that Keralaputra is an alternate name of the Cheras, the first dominant dynasty based in Kerala. These territories once shared a common language and culture, within an area known as Tamilakam.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerala
Here’s where we find the connection between the bronze age and the time of Angkor Wat.
“The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of southern India. The earliest datable references to this Tamil dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka, of the Maurya Empire. As one of the Three Crowned Kings of Tamilakam, the dynasty continued to govern over varying territory until the 13th century CE.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chola_dynasty
“In 1010, Raja Raja built the Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur dedicated to Lord Shiva.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_Raja_Chola_I
“The architect and engineer of the temple was Kunjara Mallan Raja Raja Rama Perunthachan as stated in inscriptions found at the temple.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brihadeeswarar_Temple
“Perumthachan (പെരുന്തച്ചന്), also spelled as "Perunthchan" (പെരു - Peru/big, തച്ചന് - thachan/craftsman), meaning the master carpenter or the master craftsman, is an honorific title that is used to refer to an ancient legendary carpenter (ആശാരി Asari), architect, woodcarver and sculptor (stone/wood) from Kerala, India.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perumthachan
Wait.. what? The name starts with Peru… ?! That’s an amazing connection. I looked up that information as I was writing this. “The Chola navy played a vital role in the expansion of the Chola Empire, including the conquest of the Ceylon islands and naval raids on Sri Vijaya (present-day Indonesia).” “From 900 to 1100, the navy had grown from a small backwater entity to that of a potent power projection and diplomatic symbol in all of Asia, but was gradually reduced in significance when the Cholas fought land battles for subjugating the Chalukyas of Andhra-Kannada area in South India.” “The Cholas excelled in foreign trade and maritime activity, extending their influence overseas to China and Southeast Asia.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chola_Navy
Keep in mind, the Khmer King, in Cambodia, for whom Angkor was built, was Suryavarman II.
“Suryavarman II also sent a mission to the Chola dynasty of south India and presented a precious stone to the Chola Emperor Kulothunga Chola I in 1,114 CE.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suryavarman_II - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulottunga_I
The Story of India is a BBC documentary series, written and presented by historian Michael Wood. In Epsiode 4, Ages of Gold, speaking of the Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur he says, “the temple though, really, is a monument to Raja Raja himself. It’s named after him, and the inscriptions all around the walls extol his deeds as ‘King of Kings’, ‘Lion of the Solar race’, ‘Lord of the World’.”
I also found another interesting bit of information...
“The Shakya (Sakya and Sakiya) were a clan of the late Vedic period (1000–500 BCE) and so-called ‘second urbanisation’ (c. 600 BCE–200 BCE) in present-day India and present-day Nepal, and are attested from Buddhist scriptures in the late Iron Age (c. 600–300 BCE).”
“The Shakyas were by tradition sun worshippers, who called themselves Ādicca nāma gottena ("kinsmen of the sun") and descendants of the sun. As Buddha states in the Sutta-Nipāta, "They are of the sun-lineage (adiccagotta), Sakiyans by birth." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakya
So, was there a relationship between the Shakyas and the Cholas? Yes, the Gupta Empire. From around 335 to around 375 CE southern territories were held by the Gupta Empire. Some of which overlap later Chola territory.
“There is very little written evidence available of the Cholas prior to the 7th century.” “Cholas are mentioned in the Pillars of Ashoka (inscribed 273 BCE–232 BCE) inscriptions, where they are mentioned among the kingdoms which, though not subject to Ashoka, were on friendly terms with him.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chola_dynasty
I’m not yet sure how the Shakyas culture relates to the Egyptian culture, other than the obvious sign of sun worship, and if it has to do with the Phoenicians or not.
“The best-known Shakya was Siddhartha Gautama Shakya, who was the founder of Buddhism (c. 6th to 4th centuries BCE) and came to be known as Gautama Buddha.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakya
This is where it ties back in with Bodh Gaya and the secondary Easter Island alignment. - http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/second.html
Side-note: Interesting, but not sure if related to the Uru people or not…
1. Cholas interaction with Srivijaya - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chola_invasion_of_Srivijaya 2. Indonesian floating houses - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srivijaya ----
Side-note: The “Sri” in Srivijaya “Sri has a core meaning of ‘diffusing light or radiance’, related to the root śrā ‘to cook, boil’, but as a feminine abstract noun, it has received a general meaning of "grace, splendour, lustre, beauty; wealth, affluence, prosperity’.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri ----
Also, remember I mentioned Lake Toba, Lake Baikal, and Lake Titicaca all having the same island-lake-mountain geography? And lapis lazuli sources near Baikal and in the Andes? Also Teotihuacan having the same form in it’s megalithic structure, as well as the “children of the sun” in Japan, and legend at Cahokia of a "man who came down from the sun" and mediated between the creator and the people and the sun and the earth? The man told them their ways were evil and then established peace. All of that seems to relate to the Shakyas.
Side-note: Additional information... - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uluan_Peninsula - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aru_Kingdom
“The Medes (/miːdz/, Old Persian Māda-, Ancient Greek: Μῆδοι, Hebrew: מָדַי) were an ancient Iranian people who lived in an area known as Media (northwestern Iran) and who spoke the Median language.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medes
“Medan (Indonesian pronunciation: [meˈdan]; Indonesian: Kota Medan) is the capital of North Sumatra province in Indonesia.” - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan ----
So, I don't really have a full understanding of everything that's going on, but I believe I’ve uncovered a great deal.
It seems unclear whether the Egyptians knew about the Americas during the time the pyramids were built, however, I find it interesting that Olmecs culture shows up around the time the Hyksos take control of Egypt. Also, there's a focus on locations with reeds such as in Egypt and Mesopotamia. The old style pyramids at a later date may suggest a second attempt at learning how to build pyramids, years after the ones in Egypt were done. When the Egyptians took back control, they also controlled Canaan. They probably then used the already established sea trade to get things like cocaine and tobacco into Egypt. The best way to find out if it was during the Hyksos rule or not is to learn more about the pre-olmec cultures, and whether they had links to Egypt or not. After some more research... there's also a strong possibility of trade with Chinese cultures, and seeing how China probably traded with Egypt through India, it would be possible to transport goods from the Americas to Egypt, although it would take a long time, and probably cost a lot. Stories and drawings of ancient Egypt could have made it to the Americas, and may have even inspired the pyramids we see there today. I have noticed both Egyptian and Indian influence in South America, and Atlantic sea travel wouldn't even be necessary, so trade with China makes a lot of sense. There are also paralells between certain Chinese artifacts and those from sumeria.
Hopefully I've provided everyone enough insight to find the missing puzzle pieces. Good luck!
About 70,000 years ago the sun emerged from the earth on the eastern edge of the world at a location that is now called Danau Toba, or Lake Toba. This event is one of the Earth's largest known erruptions, and is the most closely studied super-erruption. A theory of the effects of this erruption includes a cooling period of the Earth's climate and a possible significant reduction in the size of the human population. It is on an island now called Sumatra, which is part of a group of islands called the Sunda Islands.The significance of geography of the crater seems to be found throughout ancient history. There is an island in the middle of the lake that is connected to the main island by a small land bridge. The terrain of the area is mountainous.
(By Visions of Domino - https://www.flickr.com/photos/99092496@N00/26224127503/, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=57465672) Sumeru, or
Mount Meru, the sacred mountain in Buddhist texts, is surrounded by a moat-like ocean, which is in turn surrounded by a ring wall of mountains, which is in turn surrounded by a sea. Although the ideal model is more square than circle, the description is very similar to the crater of Sumatra. (The names Sumeru and Sumatra, a coincidence?)
(Image from Mt Meru wikipedia article)A sutra is a text in Hinduism or Buddhism.A mantra is a sacred utterance, numinous sound, or a syllable, word, phonemes, or group of words believed by some to have psychological and spiritual power.A mandala is a sanskrit word for "circle" and is a spiritual and ritual symbol in Hinduism and Buddhism, representing the Universe.
(Image from mandala wikipedia article)The geography of Lake Toba makes me think of lake Titicaca in Bolivia, where there is an island in a lake surrounded by mountains. This island is called Isla del Sol (Island of the Sun), and there are ancient ruins there.
(By Alaexis - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=36792411) It also reminds me of the volcano crater lakes on Easter Island, and the most sacred object, a stone in the middle of a circle of stones. Both Cuzco, Peru (near lake Titicaca) and Easter island are considered to be the "world navel" or "the center of the world". This concept is associated with axis mundi, which I will talk about later.The temples at Angkor Wat also resemble islands in the middle of a lake.
("Angkor-Wat-from-the-air" by Charles J Sharp - Taken from helicopter flying over Angkor Wat. Licensed under CC BY 2.5 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Angkor-Wat-from-the-air.JPG#/media/File:Angkor-Wat-from-the-air.JPG)Some versions of Aztlán (an origin story in Mexico) involve an island in the middle of a lake. Teotihuacan also may have been full of water and reflected an image of an island on a lake surrounded by mountains.
(By Rene Trohs - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=63544921) Near the sacred island of Sumatra are names of places that seem to relate to the grandchildren of Noah. The island next to Sumatra is Java, and the name of one of Noah's grandsons is Javan. From the same son of Noah (Japheth), is another grandson Madai, which seems to resonate with Malaysia (north of Sumatra). Japheth's son Tubal seems to resonate with Tuvalu which is a Polynesian island nation. Japheth, Javan, and Japan...The list goes on...- - Japheth (son of Noah)Madai (grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MadaiMadurai (in Tamil Nadu, India) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madurai_districtMalai Nadu (Kerala, India)Malayalam (Language in Kerala, India) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MalayalamMalay (major language of the Austronesian family)Malaysia (near Sumatra)Javan (grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavanJava (an island of Indonesia, South of Sumatra) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaJapan (north of Indonesia)Jakarta (Capital of Indonesia on Java) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JakartaTubal (grandson of Noah)Tuvalu (Polynesian Island nation)- - Ham (son of Noah)Anamim (descendant of Mizraim, grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnamimAndaman (Islands East of India, and Northwest of Sumatra) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_IslandsMizraim (grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MizraimMizraim (Egypt) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MizraimMuziris (Kerala, India) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MuzirisCanaan (grandson of Noah, son of Ham) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaan_(son_of_Ham)Cannanore (Kerala, India) - now known as Kannur - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KannurCush (grandson of Noah)Kush (African land, Sudan) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_KushNimrod (descendant of Cush, associated with Babylon)Havilah (descendant of Cush, associated with Ethiopia)Sheba (descendant of Cush, associated with Yemen)- - Shem (son of Noah)Elam (grandson of Noah)Elam (ancient country in Iran)Asshur (grandson of Noah)Assyria (northern Mesopotamia)So, parts of the world seem to relate to the names of Noah's grandchildren, well that's interesting, but why? Who named them? I'm not sure, but there does seem to be some connections of the names and the southern tip of India. Why? Well, not sure about that either, but this is an interesting read: Melayu Kingdom. "The origins of the word Melayu ('Malay') are disputed.""Another theory hold that it originates from the Tamil words Malai and ur meaning 'mountain' and 'city, land', respectively."One interesting geological feature surrounding the island of Sumatra is the underwater shelf. Where massive flooding and sinking of surrounding land occurred towards the end of the last ice age. It's called Sundaland, and you can easily see the shape of it on google maps in "earth" mode.In Hindu tradition, Sraddhadeva or Satyavrata (also known as Viavasvata, son of Vivasvat) was the king of Dravida before the great flood. He was warned of the flood by Vishnu and built a boat that carried his family, 9 types of seeds, and animals, to repopulate the earth. The boat was perched after the deluge on the top of the Malaya Mountains.Next to Java is Bali.Bali (Indian myth) - Mahabali, Great Bali)Bali (Bali Island in Indonesia)Mahabali (also known as Vairochana, son of Virochana)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabali"He later expanded his realm – bringing the entire world under his benevolent rule – and was even able to conquer the underworld and Heaven, which he wrested from Indra and the Devas."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)Vaivasvata Manu, a powerful sage, the king of Dravida before the great flood, is the son of the sun god Vivasvan.VIRACOCHA: The Supreme God Vishnu in the Western Hemispherehttps://bhaktianandascollectedworks.wordpress.com/2012/05/18/viracocha-the-supreme-god-vishnu-in-the-western-hemisphere/According to Graham Hancock, "Viracocha was said to have come to the Andes in a time of darkness, after a great cataclysm."Did Noah come from Indonesia? Or, was Noah from Mesopotamia? Or, was he part of the Indus Valley Civilization? Was he a king? So far, it's been hard for me to pin down, but I do think he was involved in maritime trade. His family may have brought civilization to different parts of the world, and developed trade routes to those areas. Flood stories would be a great thing to pass the time with when you're spending lots of free time on a boat looking at the stars.Speaking of the stars, the Hindu story says that Vasuki and the seven sages will also be with him. Vasuki is king of the serpents, and relates to the constellation Draco. The seven sages are the seven stars of the big dipper. Both constellations are found in the northern sky, which probably would have been used by Noah for navigation.The mandala and chakana both seem to relate to an ancient form of geometry and some form of the concept of axis mundi, the center of the world, which is a connection between heaven and Earth. Axis mundi is also associated with the tree of life, the tree of knowledge, and the world tree. The axis mundi in the sky is the point upon which all the stars revolve. The north pole. Around 2500 BC the north pole star was Thuban, which is in the constellation of Draco.From the northern hemisphere, the stars in the northern sky never go below the horizon. People have observed their patterns for thousands of years and many generations. These stars became associated with immortality. This is the Lord's garden. The garden of Eden. The tree (axis mundi) is at the center of the garden. Draco, the serpent, spins around the tree. At night, Eve (the moon) walks across the garden to the highest point in the sky and talks to the serpent. The next day, Adam (the sun) does not see the serpent, but talks to Eve. This story plays out every 24 hours. The sun and moon are constantly being born on the horizon and die on the horizon. This condition of death plays out over the course of our lives. We learn knowledge from the serpent (the stars), we desire to be immortal, but no matter what we do, we die eventually.Let's talk about the rivers. From Genesis 2, "Now a river went out of Eden to water the garden, and from there it parted and became four riverheads. The name of the first is Pishon; it is the one which skirts the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. And the gold of that land is good. Bdellium and the onyx stone are there. The name of the second river is Gihon; it is the one which goes around the whole land of Cush. The name of the third river is Hiddekel; it is the one which goes toward the east of Assyria. The fourth river is the Euphrates."Supposedly, Hiddekel is associated with the Tigris. So Tigris and Euphrates are two of the river heads. So where is Pishon and Gihon? Well, we have a grandson of Noah mentioned, and one of his descendants. Cush and Havilah. Well, assuming Cush is Kush, and Havilah is Ethiopia, then we're obviously talking about Africa. Pishon is the Blue Nile, and Gihon is the Nile river with it's head starting the White Nile. Now, how does a single river in Eden part and become four river heads? There are two ways that I can think of this.One way is that Eden involves Africa. In the past, the Sahara has been wet and green. There may have been a huge water system in the area of Africa that is now the Sahara. Populations could have migrated away from the single river that broke up as it dried out and moved into Egypt and East of Africa. As the climate dried, the ground would have taken more effort to get things to grow. The area would have looked as if it had been scorched by a heavenly sword of fire in every direction.Another possibility is that Eden is in the heavens. The river would have come from a single heavenly source which parts and feeds the river heads on the mountain tops (being closer to the sky), the rivers brought fresh sacred water from heaven to the early civilizations. The angel which guards the entrance to Eden would carry a sword of fire going in every direction (the sun). In Eden, the stars are immortal. On Earth, there is death.(also, axis mundi and mountains)(Atlas, a greek god, holds up the celestial sphere. Atlas mountians.)In a documentary about the Sahara, it's mentioned that the the same wobble in the Earth that causes a 26,000 year cycle of the north pole stars, also affects the equator and the monsoon rains. Meaning, about 5,000 years ago, the Sahara started drying up for good... and before that, it had wet periods. The great pyramids of Giza were constructed around 2,500 BC, or 4,500 years ago. If this effect of shifting the equator is true, it could possibly explain the meaning of the ancient great circle ( http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/ ), and why the sphinx points to a date of 10,500 BC, and why the sphinx has rain erosion.What's motivated my looking into all this was trying to find out when original concept of the ancient great circle was developed. I'm starting to think it was during the time of the construction of the pyramids of Giza. In those times, Thuban was the northern pole star. Thuban is in the constellation of Draco. There's a constellation of a bird, called Cygnus, that would circle around Draco as the stars turned in the sky.The dating for the creation of Angkor Wat seems WAY off to me simply for the reason that it's in line with the ancient great circle, and it's layout forms the constellation of Draco. Why wouldn't it be during the time Thuban was the north star? The same time period where large stones were being carried long distances in Egypt (around 2500 BC).Perhaps this was the time of serpents and birds in mythology.In Polynesia, Maui battled Tuna (the god of eels)In India, Garuda (a bird-like creature) battled Vasuki (King of serpents)In Egypt, Ra (falcon head) battled Apep (serpent).Maui (polynesia), Garuda, the mount (vahana) of the Lord Vishnu (India), and Ra (Egypt) are all somehow associated with the sun.Apep, Tuna, and Vasuki seem to be associated with the underworld. And serpents are creatures of the ground. And eels of water. Snakes and eels associated with the earth and sea (animals that crawl or swim).Maui isn't as simplistic, but there are connections. Many of the polynesian myths, Maui restrains the sun. There are similar stories in South America. In the Maori myths, Maui takes on the shape of a pigeon when he looks for his father. His father's name is "Makeatuta".On Easter Island, "Makemake" is the creator of humanity, the god of fertility and the chief god of the "Tangata manu" or "bird-man" cult.In the Hawaiian myths, Maui's father's name is "Ru" (Ra?)The Nemes Egyptian headress features a vulture head and a cobra head side by side presented upon the forehead of the Pharaoh.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NemesThe coat of arms of Mexico is the battle of a bird and snake.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_MexicoIn the Americas, there's the feathered serpent of the Maya and Aztecs.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)In India, Vaivasvata Manu, a powerful sage, the king of Dravida before the great flood, is the son of the sun god Vivasvan.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IntiAnd in South America, Inca emperors were believed to be descended from Inti, the ancient Inca sun god and son of Viracocha.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PharaohAnd in Egypt, Pharaoh was the son of the sun god Ra.... still organizing.... to be continued?
What do the Giza Pyramids, Cambodia, Indonesia, Easter Island, Japan, South America, Atlantis, and the great flood all have in common? You'd be surprised...**** This article is still under construction and is subject to editing ****I think I'm done with this for now... I'll be back to editing this at a later date. Until then, I hope you enjoy clicking the links and doing some of your own research. Good luck!btw, they say that Kung Fu may have developed from the fighting style of this area as well. It just blows my mind that so many things point to this area.Correlations of Ancient HistoryHumanity's cultural past points to ancient India? by Joshua N. StregeA lot of information points to the southern tip of India, but I'm still not quite sure what it all means. It's only through comparison of details and new information that I will be able to sort through this stuff. I have reason to believe that ancient India created an ancient sea-and-land based trade network that reached as far as Africa to the West and South America to the East.Ancient India's Contributions to the World (Full Documentary)https://youtu.be/QxgK0dX872kSouth India and Tamilakamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamilakam"Historians use the term synonymous with South India to refer to the Tamil speaking regions of India, including Kerala and Tamil Nadu."As I was writing this, I happened to notice the words "Tamil" and "family". Interesting... but back to the topic at hand...https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tamil_Nadu"The region of Tamil Nadu in modern India has been reported to have continuous human habitation from 15,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE. Throughout its history, spanning the early Upper Paleolithic age to modern times, this region has coexisted with various external cultures."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dravidian_languages"The Dravidian languages are a language family spoken mainly in southern India and parts of eastern and central India as well as in northeastern Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and overseas in other countries such as Malaysia and Singapore."Ok, let's take a look at this for a second. Considering these languages are spoken in these areas, could we not then consider them to be remnants of a single more influential dynasty that existed before the three ancient Tamil empires?https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandyan_dynasty"The three ancient Tamil empires of Chera, Chola, and Pandya were of ancient origins."India, Polynesia, Indonesia, and the great floodGenesis 11:1, "And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech."Canaan (grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaan_(son_of_Ham)Cannanore (Kerala, India) - now known as Kannur - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KannurMizraim (grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MizraimMizraim (Egypt) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MizraimMuziris (Kerala, India) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MuzirisMadai (grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MadaiMalai Nadu (Kerala, India)Anamim (descendant of Mizraim, grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnamimAndaman (Islands East of India, and Northwest of Sumatra) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_IslandsJavan (grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavanJava (an island of Indonesia) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaJoktan (great, great, great grandson of Noah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JoktanJakarta (Capital of Indonesia on Java) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JakartaShem (son of Noah)Chams - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChamsHam (son of Noah)Cam (river in vietnam, mountains in vietnam, river in australia, turkey, 2 rivers in New Zealand)Kam (afganistan, pakistan, hungary, Iran, language in China, language in Nigeria)Cambodia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CambodiaKambuja - "Cambodia's ancient name is 'Kambuja' (Sanskrit: कंबुज)."Kambojas (ancient tribe of India) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KambojasTamilakam - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TamilakamDid ancient India control the lands of Cambodia at one point? If so, could they also have controlled the islands of Indonesia?Malay (Language in Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_languageMalaysia (Southeast Asia, bordering Indonesia, near Sumatra) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MalaysiaMalayalam (Language in Kerala, India) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MalayalamBali (Indian myth) - Mahabali, Great Bali) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MahabaliBali (Island in Indonesia) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BaliMahabali (also known as Vairochana, son of Virochana)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabali"He later expanded his realm – bringing the entire world under his benevolent rule – and was even able to conquer the underworld and Heaven, which he wrested from Indra and the Devas."According to Graham Hancock, "Viracocha was said to have come to the Andes in a time of darkness, after a great cataclysm."Near Bali, separated by Java, in Indonesia, is the Island of Sumatra, where a super eruption occurred.The Toba Super Eruptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_catastrophe_theory"The Toba supereruption was a supervolcanic eruption that occurred some time between 69,000 and 77,000 years ago at the site of present-day Lake Toba (Sumatra, Indonesia). It is one of the Earth's largest known eruptions. The Toba catastrophe hypothesis holds that this event caused a global volcanic winter of 6–10 years and possibly a 1,000-year-long cooling episode."Could Mahabali have traveled to South America to bring it under his rule?Virochana (India) - father of Bali (Vairochana) - Viracocha (South America) - father of Inti - "... he destroyed the people around Lake Titicaca with a Great Flood called Unu Pachakuti, saving two to bring civilization to the rest of the world, these two beings are Manco Cápac, the son of Inti (sometimes taken as the son of Viracocha), which name means 'splendid foundation', and Mama Uqllu, which means 'mother fertility'."VIRACOCHA: The Supreme God Vishnu in the Western Hemispherehttps://bhaktianandascollectedworks.wordpress.com/2012/05/18/viracocha-the-supreme-god-vishnu-in-the-western-hemisphere/THE PREHISTORIC ALIGNMENT OF WORLD WONDERShttp://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/Revelation of the Pyramids (documentary)https://youtu.be/uN_tWSbDhw8This is a quote from the video above describing a list of ancient sites along this circle: "In Peru, [the circle] passes through the Paracas drawing, the Nazca tracks, Ollantaytambo, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, Sacsayhuaman, and the Paratoari pyramids. In Africa it crosses Mali and the mysterious Dogon lands, where they knew the stars Sirius B and C before any astronomers. Algeria and the Tassili N'Ajjier with it's painted Martian God. In Egypt it goes through the Siwa oasis and Zeus Ammon temple and through the great pyramid at Giza. Next, it crosses Petra, Ur, where Abraham was born, Persepolis in Iran, Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan, where the unreadable writing was found that is so close to the writing on Easter Island. Then it crosses sites that've always been known as the home of the Gods, Khajuraho in India, Pyay in Burma, Sukhothai in Tiwain, Angkor Wat, and Preah Vihear in Cambodia, and it ends with the most isolated and mysterious place on Earth, Easter Island. There is an astonishing accuracy to this alignment. Although many of these sites date from different times, most were built on the ruins of more ancient sacred sites. At some remote point in the past, someone had built a series of sacred sites on this line, circling the globe. The circle was as long as the equator."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkor_Wat (Cambodia)"The monument was made out of millions of tonnes of sandstone and it has a greater volume as well as mass than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt. The Angkor Wat Temple consumes about 6 million to 10 million blocks of sandstone with an average weight of 1.5 tons each. In fact, the entire city of Angkor used up far greater amounts of stone than all the Egyptian pyramids combined, and occupied an area significantly greater than modern-day Paris. Moreover, unlike the Egyptian pyramids which use limestone quarried barely half a km away all the time, the entire city of Angkor was built with sandstone quarried 40 km (or more) away."Mount Meru (a sacred mountain in Hindu, Jain and Buddhist cosmology, also name of mountain in Tanzania)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Meruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Meru_(Tanzania) (Eastern Africa)Sumeru (means "excellent Meru" or "wonderful Meru")https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SumeruSummit (mountain peak or gathering place)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SummitSumer or Sumeria (ancient culture in southern Iraq)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SumerSamarra culture (ancient culture in Iraq)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samarra_cultureSumatra (Island in Indonesia, location of Toba catastrophe, also near Java)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SumatraToba catastrophe theory (supereruption that occurred on Sumatra)Hiva and Iva-Marquesas - Nuku Hiva, Hiva Oah, and Fatu Hiva (French Polynesian, Marquesas Islands) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquesas_IslandsEaster Island - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotu_Matu'a- "Hotu Matu'a was the legendary first settler and ariki mau ("supreme chief" or "king") of Easter Island and ancestor of the Rapa Nui People. Hotu Matu'a and his two canoe (or one double hulled canoe) colonising party were Polynesians from the now unknown land of Hiva (probably the Marquesas)."Hiva and Unknown land - - Easter Island (Hiva) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiva (Hiva link re-directs to Hawaiki)- New Zealand (Hawaiki) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiki"In Māori mythology, Hawaiki is the original home of the Māori, before they travelled across the sea to New Zealand.""In several island groups including New Zealand and the Marquesas the term has been recorded as associated with the underworld and death."- India (Kumari Kandam) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumari_Kandam"... Pandyan legends of lands lost to the ocean..."- Hawaii (Kahiki) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiki"It is also notable that in the Hawaiian Islands, the ancestral homeland is called Kahiki (a cognate of Tahiti, where at least part of the Hawaiian population came from)." Kahiki link redirects to Tahiti ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahiki )The seven sages and the flood---- In Egypt ----Quest for the Lost Civilization - Graham Hancockhttps://youtu.be/T5DNvYMtkyk"Carved on it's walls are acres of hieroglyphic texts which speak of a time when the gods lived on an island surrounded by a vast ocean. A terrible flood destroyed the island and drowned almost all of it's divine inhabitants. There were only a few survivors, amongst them the seven sages, (also called the seven builder gods) who chose to settle in Egypt."---- In India ----http://www.goldkist.net/angkorwat/angkorincar.htm"The ten incarnations of Vishnu is a Hindu theological concept in Vedic history."Under "Matsya Avtaar" (the first of the ten incarnations,) it says this..."Satyavrata immediately prostrated before the Fish and prayed to be told why God had appeared in the form of Fish. The Lord told his devotee, 'Just a week from now, the ocean will rise and inundate the entire Universe for the dissolution of creation. At that time you will see a spacious boat approaching you. Do collect all the seeds, plants and animals required for the next spell of creation and get into the boat and await me. Take VASUKI, the king of Serpents, also with you. The SAPTHA RISHIS (seven Sages) will also be with you'."---- In Mesopotamia ----http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"The Apkallu (Akkadian) or Abgal, (Sumerian) are seven Sumerian sages, demigods who are said to have been created by the god Enki (Akkadian: Ea) to establish culture and give civilization to mankind. They served as priests of Enki and as advisors or sages to the earliest kings of Sumer before the flood."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utnapishtim"Utnapishtim opened the hatch of his ship to look around and saw the slopes of Mount Nisir, where he rested his ship for seven days."---- In the Bible ----Genesis 7:1-4 -Then the Lord said to Noah, “Come into the ark, you and all your household, because I have seen that you are righteous before Me in this generation. You shall take with you seven each of every clean animal, a male and his female; two each of animals that are unclean, a male and his female; also seven each of birds of the air, male and female, to keep the species alive on the face of all the earth. For after seven more days I will cause it to rain on the earth forty days and forty nights, and I will destroy from the face of the earth all living things that I have made.”Genesis 8:4 -Then the ark rested in the seventh month, the seventeenth day of the month, on the mountains of Ararat.---- On Easter Island ----http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-americas-opinion-guest-authors/cataclysm-easter-island-and-statures-walked-part-3"Maziere then goes on to discuss the legend of seven explorers first sent out to find 'the navel of the world' and then to return and guide the two giant canoes to safety on Rapa Nui."On Easter Island, the only moai facing away from the island are a line of seven. They are facing west.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"According to the myth, human beings were initially unaware of the benefits of culture and civilization. The god Enki sent from Dilmun, amphibious half-fish, half-human creatures, who emerged from the oceans to live with the early human beings and teach them the arts and other aspects of civilization such as writing, law, temple and city building and agriculture. These creatures are known as the Apkallu."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilmun"Dilmun was mentioned by Mesopotamian civilizations as a trade partner, a source of the metal copper, and an entrepôt of the Mesopotamia-to-Indus Valley Civilization trade route.""Dilmun is also described in the epic story of Enki and Ninhursag as the site at which the Creation occurred. The later Babylonian Enuma Elish, speaks of the creation site as the place where the mixture of salt water, personified as Tiamat met and mingled with the fresh water of Abzu."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"The Apkallu (Akkadian) or Abgal, (Sumerian) are seven Sumerian sages, demigods who are said to have been created by the god Enki (Akkadian: Ea) to establish culture and give civilization to mankind." ... "They were seen as fish-like men who emerged from the sweet water Abzu. They are commonly represented as having the lower torso of a fish, or dressed as a fish."The "fish-like men" and "lower torso of a fish" is beyond my research at this point. However, Matsya in Hinduism also has this depiction.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsya"Matsya (Sanskrit: मत्स्य, literally 'Fish') is the avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu in the form of a fish." ... "Matsya may be depicted as a giant fish, or anthropomorphically with a human torso connected to the rear half of a fish."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abzu"literally, ab='ocean' zu='deep' was the name for the primeval sea below the void space of the underworld (Kur) and the earth (Ma) above. It may also refer to fresh water from underground aquifers that was given a religious fertilizing quality. Lakes, springs, rivers, wells, and other sources of fresh water were thought to draw their water from the abzu.""Fresh water of Abzu" and "sweet water Abzu" sound like rivers to me.Mohenjo-daro is near the Indus River ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_River )The Great Pyramid at Giza is near the Nile ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile )Angkor Wat is near the Tonlé Sap lake, which also connects to the sea ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap )Easter Island is surrounded by vast ocean.All align with the ancient great circle.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization"Indus Valley sites have been found most often on rivers, but also on the ancient seacoast, for example, Balakot, and on islands, for example, Dholavira."NewScientist: Did ancient mariners set sail from the Indus valley?http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13818790.400-did-ancient-mariners-set-sail-from-the-indus-valley.htmlSaba and Sabah -Caribbean Island (Saba) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SabaSouthern Arabia (Saba) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabaeans- "Sabeans inhabited the Biblical land of Sheba, a trading state that flourished for over a thousand years in modern-day Yemen."- Sheba "(Hebrew: שבא, Šəḇā)", linked to Saba, Southern Arabia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShebaMalaysia (Sabah) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SabahSeba and Sebah -Southern Arabia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Brothers_IslandsBiblical - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_minor_biblical_figures,_L%E2%80%93Z#SebaJapan - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seba_StationIndonesia - https://www.google.com/maps/place/Seba,+Menia,+Sabu+Bar.,+Kab.+Sabu+Raijua,+Nusa+Tenggara+Tim.,+Indonesia(on Sawu aka Savu, near Sumba)Sheba -Saba, Southern Arabia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba- "Modern archaeological studies support the view that the biblical kingdom of Sheba was the ancient Semitic civilization of Saba in Southern Arabia, in Yemen, between 1200 BC until 275 AD with its capital Marib."Savu (in Indonesia, near Sumba, also known as Sawu, Sabu, Sawoe, Havu, Hawu, Hawoe)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SavuGenesis 11:1-9, "And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech. And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there. And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter. And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth. And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded. And the Lord said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do. Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech. So the Lord scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city. Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the Lord did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the Lord scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eridu"Eridu was long considered the earliest city in southern Mesopotamia, and is still today argued to be the oldest city in the world.""The Egyptologist David Rohl has conjectured that Eridu, to the south of Ur, was the original Babel and site of the Tower of Babel, rather than the later city of Babylon, for several reasons...""In Sumerian mythology, Eridu was the home of the Abzu temple of the god Enki, the Sumerian counterpart of the Akkadian water-god Ea."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havilah"An extra-biblical tradition found in the Kitab al-Magall (Clementine literature) and the Cave of Treasures holds that in the early days after the Tower of Babylon, the children of Havilah, son of Joktan built a city and kingdom, which was near to those of his brothers, Sheba and Ophir."Ur is also aligned with the ancient great circle. Mohenjo-daro is east of Ur.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohenjo-daro"Mohenjo-daro has a planned layout based on a street grid of rectilinear buildings. Most were built of fired and mortared brick; some incorporated sun-dried mud-brick and wooden superstructures."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"The Apkallu (Akkadian) or Abgal, (Sumerian) are seven Sumerian sages, demigods who are said to have been created by the god Enki (Akkadian: Ea) to establish culture and give civilization to mankind. They served as priests of Enki and as advisors or sages to the earliest kings of Sumer before the flood. They are credited with giving mankind the Me (moral code), the crafts, and the arts.""The god Enki sent from Dilmun, amphibious half-fish, half-human creatures, who emerged from the oceans to live with the early human beings and teach them the arts and other aspects of civilization such as writing, law, temple and city building and agriculture. These creatures are known as the Apkallu."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilmun"Dilmun was mentioned by Mesopotamian civilizations as a trade partner, a source of the metal copper, and an entrepôt of the Mesopotamia-to-Indus Valley Civilization trade route."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TamilakamAkam?Akad?"The existence of Akkad is known only from textual sources; its location has not yet been identified, although scholars have proposed a number of different sites."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkad_(city) (Mesopotamia?)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palakkad (South Western India)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia (Southeast Asia)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maia_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(illusion)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(High_Priest_of_Amun)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_civilizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longan (a Southern Asian fruit tree, means "Dragon Eye")https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanganyika (Eastern Africa)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torba_Province (Toga Island)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toga_(disambiguation)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toda_people (South India)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvalu (Polynesian Island)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuval (Isreal)Even (Eden, Eve)Evil"In the ancient Sangam literature, Sivan was the supreme God" - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangam_periodI happened upon a lot of connections with names and words associated with Iba, Ida, Ina, Iva, or Iwa. India, Polynesia, Indonesia and AsiaCina and China -China and India - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China"The word 'China' is derived from the Persian word Chin (چین), which in turn derives from the Sanskrit word Cīna (चीन)."Iva -Iran (places in Iran) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iva,_IranSamoa - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tino_i_IvaShiba -Japan and China - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShibaSiba -India and China - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SibaDeities and femalesThe "ina" in names such as in Sina and Hina in Polynesia seems to relate to names for females, or goddesses. Deva - India - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)(Sanskrit word for deity)Diva -A celebrated female singerItaly - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diva"It is derived from the Italian noun diva, a female deity."Eda -Goddess, and female name - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eda_(given_name)- "Eda was a goddess in northern mythology, the Guardian of Time and Wealth."Japanese surname - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eda_(surname)Eva - Female name, relates to Eve - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_(name)Hina -Female goddess or female name - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hina_(goddess)- "literally 'girl'"New Zealand and India - "Tami’s spouse"Astronomy - "is often associated with the moon."Hiva -Iva and Fatu Hiva - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatu_Hiva- "The name of the island in Marquesan is Fatu Iva (without "h": [ˈfatu ˈiva]). However, the name was recorded by Europeans as Fatu Hiva, perhaps under the influence of other Marquesan islands containing the element Hiva (Nuku Hiva and Hiva Oa) and also because in French the letter "h" is silent."Ida -https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_IdaGreek mythology - "two sacred mountains are called Mount Ida, the 'Mountain of the Goddess'"Crete and Turkey - "Mount Ida in Crete; and Mount Ida in the ancient Troad region of western Anatolia (in modern-day Turkey)"Shiva -India - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva- Supreme god of Shaivism of HinduismSina -Polynesia - female name- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sina_and_the_EelZiva -Slavic goddess - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDiva_(goddess)India and AfricaIba -Nigeria (West Africa) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iba,_Osun_StatePhillippines - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iba,_ZambalesSiwa -China - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwa_cultureEgypt location - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwa_OasisEgypt Language - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwa_languageSimba (see below)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SimbaLet's talk about Simba for a minute. The sphinx is related to Simba.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphinx"In Kanya Kumari district, in the southernmost tip of the Indian subcontinent, during the night of Shiva Ratri, devotees run 75 kilometres while visiting and worshiping at twelve Shiva temples. This Shiva Ottam (or Run for Shiva) is performed in commemoration of the story of the race between the Sphinx and Bhima, one of the heroes of the epic Mahabharata.""The oldest known sphinx was found near Gobekli Tepe at another site, Nevali Çori,[4] or possibly 120 miles to the east at Kortik Tepe, Turkey, and was dated to 9,500 BCE."http://www.ancient.eu/article/236/"Later Egyptian rulers worshiped it as an aspect of the sun god, calling it Hor-Em-Akhet ('Horus of the Horizon')."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharaoh"The Horus name was adopted by the king, when taking the throne."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lion_KingKing Sinhabahu ("Lion-Arms")Sumba (name similar to Simba, near Savu)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SumbaRussiaSiva -Samoa - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siva_SamoaRussia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siva_(rural_locality)MesopotamiaOther related words"The word Pandya is derived from the Tamil word 'Pandu' meaning very old."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Pandyan_Kingdom"Another theory is that the word Pandya is derived from the Tamil word 'Pandi' meaning bull. Ancient Tamils, considered the bull as a sign of masculinity and valor."Hmm, I wonder who named the "Panda"?Eden (biblical)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_of_EdenEve (Eva) -Female name, biblical - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EveSin (Sina, Sine, Sinus) (definition in Aromanian = breast)Sine wave (double curved line)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SineSinus (latin - curve, bosom)https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sinus#LatinS (the letter relates to sine wave or snake, double curve)Si and Srihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phra_Nakhon_Si_Ayutthaya_(city)"Sri (ศรี) is pronounced Si and usually so transcribed. Sri and Si derive from the Sanskrit honorific Sri, but occur in Thai as a part of a personal name, such as Bun Si (บุญศรี); or as part of a place name such as Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya."Sibi (city in Pakistan, could this relate to origins of the word "city"?)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibi"It is sometimes also known as Sivi, purportedly for a Hindu princess."Sioux (Native American tribe)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SiouxSyn (goddess in Norse Mythology)Syn - synonym, synergy, synchronousSame (comparing two things of equal value)Sex (two people together)Similar (comparing two things of near equal value)Sym - symmetry, symbolSymbol (looks similar to an object it represents)Symmetry (sym - metry, or "same-measure")Sneferu (the first king of the fourth dynasty of Ancient Egypt)SnakeHime (Hina? Japanese word for "princess")https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HimeFrom: www.satimagingcorp.comTake a look at this image of Angkor Wat: http://content.satimagingcorp.com/static/galleryimages/IK_Angkor_Wat_Cambodia_12-APR-2004_copyrighted-web.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jambudvipahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaikihttp://www.atlantisbolivia.org/lostcityofatlantis.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amen"Popular among some theosophists,[10] proponents of Afrocentric theories of history,[11] and adherents of esoteric Christianity [12][13] is the conjecture that amen is a derivative of the name of the Egyptian god Amun (which is sometimes also spelled Amen). Some adherents of Eastern religions believe that amen shares roots with the Hindu Sanskrit word, Aum."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meenakshi_Amman_TempleWho were "the three kings" of Orient?https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Crowned_Kings"The Three Crowned Kings (Tamil: மூவேந்தர், Mūvēntar ?), or the Three Glorified by Heaven (Tamil: வாண்புகழ் மூவர், Vāṉpukaḻ Mūvar ?),[1] or World of the Three (Tamil: மூவருலகம், Mūvarulakam ?)[2] refers to the triumvirate of Chola, Chera and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three countries or Nadu of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala).[3] They signaled a time of integration and political identity for the Tamil people."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanyakumari_district (Tamil Nadu, India)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya (Eastern Africa)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayodhyahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phra_Nakhon_Si_Ayutthaya_(city)Sangam periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangam_periodSangamSaigon?Ancient writing was discovered at Easter Island which looks very similar to ancient writing found at Mohenjo-daro (Pakistan) on the opposite side of the world (about 125 miles west of the halfway point between the Great Pyramid and Angkor Wat.Comparison between Indus Valley script and Easter Island Scripthttp://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/easterislandindusvalley.htmThis page is also a good read and shows similarities with other ancient writings around the world.http://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/easterislandindusvalley1.htmSindh, Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SindhLake Titicacahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Titicaca"By volume of water, it is the largest lake in South America.""It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world, with a surface elevation of 3,812 metres (12,507 ft)" ... "At least two dozen bodies of water around the world are at higher elevations, but all are much smaller and shallower.""The lake is located at the northern end of the endorheic Altiplano basin high in the Andes on the border of Peru and Bolivia.""The origin of the name Titicaca is unknown.""Titicaca (in the hispanicized spelling) or Titiqaqa (Quechua)"http://viewzone.com/tiwan.html"The word Titicaca has no meaning any of the Andean languages.In Sanskrit, the word GaGga, (GAHG-gah) means 'river,' but not just any river. It means a river as sacred as or related to the Ganges.In Tamil, it is KaGkai (KAHG-ky), meaning the same as the above.In Sanskrit, Diti was the wife of the god Kasyapa (sea tortoise)."Sanskrit: Diti GaGgaTamil: Titi KaGkaiQuechua: Titi qaqahttp://viewzone.com/tiwan.html"In Sanskrit, Diti was the wife of the god Kasyapa (sea tortoise)."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashyapa"Kashyapa (Sanskrit कश्यप kaśyapa) was an ancient sage (rishi), who is one of the Saptarishis in the present Manvantara: others being Atri, Vashistha, Vishvamitra, Jamadagni, Bharadwaja, Gautama."Tiwanakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiwanaku"The ruins of the ancient city state are near the south-eastern shore of Lake Titicaca"http://viewzone.com/tiwan.html"If the natives living near Tiwanaku gave the name Kalasaya to the mound atop which lies the impressive Portal of the Sun, we have further proof of a previous Hindu-Turkic presence in Tiwanaku. This word is similar to the Sanskrit Kailasa, the mountain of Kubera and Shiva (Meru)."According to Graham Hancock, "Viracocha was said to have come to the Andes in a time of darkness, after a great cataclysm. And he and his companions traveled northwards, teaching a religion of compassion and love. And teaching also skills such as astronomy and architecture.""They were said to have come from across the sea in a boat that moved by itself without paddles, and to have established themselves at lake Titicaca."North of Lake Titicaca lies Cuzco, Peru and Machu Picchu.VIRACOCHA: The Supreme God Vishnu in the Western Hemispherehttps://bhaktianandascollectedworks.wordpress.com/2012/05/18/viracocha-the-supreme-god-vishnu-in-the-western-hemisphere/Virochana (Hindu mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virochana---- From earlier note, going to re-organize and re-integrate the information into this note. ----POINT NUMBER 1: Many ancient sites (including the Great Pyramid of Giza, Easter Island, and Machu Picchu) line up in a straight line around the world to form a gigantic circle. The circle is a "great circle", which divides the planet into two equal hemispheres.Point NUMBER 2: Significance of LARGE stone ruins.Some ancient sites across the world exhibit building techniques too similar to be considered isolated and independent technology, such as the use of stone carved keystone cuts and poured metal clamps (found in Egypt, Cambodia, and South America). Also, the same locations using that specific technique often feature precise alignment of incredibly heavy large stones fitted together, sometimes so tightly you can't even get a razor blade between them. Construction using very large stones (some almost too heavy for modern machinery) was practiced all over the world in ancient times. Egypt, Greece, Turkey, Lebanon, India, Cambodia, Vietnam, Easter Island and other pacific islands, Peru, Bolivia, Mexico, and others. In this presentation about megalithic sites, David Childress talks about many sites using specific techniques, their relationships, and other interesting details.MEGALITHOMANIA 2008: David H.Childress - Lost Cities of S. America & the Pacifichttps://youtu.be/zFtxOvRJVC8These construction techniques are also mentioned in the "Revelation of the Pyramids" video.POINT NUMBER 3: Angkor Wat has shared significance with the pyramids in EgyptPOINT NUMBER 4: If you found the spot halfway between the Great Pyramid in Egypt and Angkor Wat in Cambodia, and you went straight down through the Earth, you would end up very close to Easter Island. Easter Island is surrounded by a vast ocean. All three locations also line up with the ancient great circle (give or take 1 degree).Great Pyramid to Easter Island: 10,042.37 miAngkor Wat to Easter Island: 10,094.19 miGreat Pyramid to Angkor Wat: 4,734.15 mi(distances obtained from www.distance.to)POINT NUMBER 5: Egyptian hieroglyphics mention an island as a home of the gods. Easter Island and the seven sages?Quest for the Lost Civilization - Graham Hancockhttps://youtu.be/T5DNvYMtkykIn the above documentary series, Graham Hancock says, "this is the temple of Edfu in upper Egypt. Carved on it's walls are acres of hieroglyphic texts which speak of a time when the gods lived on an island surrounded by a vast ocean. A terrible flood destroyed the island and drowned almost all of it's divine inhabitants. There were only a few survivors, amongst them the seven sages, (also called the seven builder gods) who chose to settle in Egypt. They traveled around this land building sacred mounds which were to be the foundations of all future temples. Their objective was nothing less than to re-create the former world of the gods."On Easter Island, the only moai (statues) facing away from the island are a line of seven. They are facing west.http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-americas-opinion-guest-authors/cataclysm-easter-island-and-statures-walked-part-3"Maziere then goes on to discuss the legend of seven explorers first sent out to find 'the navel of the world' and then to return and guide the two giant canoes to safety on Rapa Nui."POINT NUMBER 7: The most accurate part of the ancient great circle is a straight line between Giza and Easter Island.http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/"Easter Island, Nazca, Ollantaytambo, Paratoari, Tassili n'Ajjer and Giza are all aligned on a single great circle."Additional sites are located at various degrees of distance from the circle. Machu Picchu, Mohenjo-daro, the ancient city of Ur, and Angkor Wat are all within one degree to the circle or closer.It is likely that if one were to travel across the ocean from Egypt to Easter Island, they would take the Amazon by ship to cut through most of South America.http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/"This circle crosses over the source and the mouth of the Amazon, the dividing line between upper and lower Egypt, the mouth of the Tigris-Euphrates, the Indus River and the Bay of Bengal near the mouth of the Ganges."POINT NUMBER 8: Ancient South America shares many cultural characteristics with ancient Egypt. One of which is the ancient reed boat designs. The Totora plant shares connections with Easter Island as well.Graham Hancock says, "The boat building skills of the local Aymara Indians have long been acknowledged.""The boats are made from totora reeds. Almost identical boats were made in Egypt using papyrus reeds."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totora_%28plant%29"[Totora reeds are] found in South America - notably on Lake Titicaca, the middle coast of Perú and on Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean." ... "Work has been done that suggests that totora reeds have been on Easter island for at least 30,000 years."POINT NUMBER 9: The Pyramids at Giza, Angkor Wat in Cambodia, and Mohenjo-daro are all located along rivers that in one way or another lead to the ocean.POINT NUMBER 10: Ancient maritime trade developed between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley along the upper part of the Arabian Sea.This is what these ancient boats may have looked like:https://www.google.com/search?q=ancient+reed+boat&oq=ancient+reed+boat&aqs=chrome..69i57.1569003568j0j0&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=122&ie=UTF-8(google search "ancient reed boat")Imagine seeing these people for the first time, coming from across the sea having never seen anything like them before. They could have been seen as being part man and part fish. Especially the first picture here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed_boatPOINT NUMBER 11: Ancient South America related to ancient India culture and the seven sages.POINT NUMBER 12: Global ancient language and the word "Manu".---- In South America ----Paratoari aligns with the ancient great circle.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paratoari"Paratoari (also known as the Pyramids of Paratoari, Pyramids of Pantiacolla or 'The Dots') is a site composed of pyramid-shaped natural formations in the Manu area of dense tropical rainforest in southeast Peru."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%C3%BA_National_Park"Manú National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional del Manu) is a biosphere reserve located in Madre de Dios and Paucartambo, Cusco."---- In India ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)"In Hindu tradition, Manu is the name of accorded to a progenitor of humanity being the first human to appear in the world in an epoch after universal destruction.""The current world is that of Vaivasvata, the seventh Manu of the aeon of the white boar (sveta varaha kalpa). Vaivasvata, also known as Sraddhadeva or Satyavrata, was the king of Dravida before the great flood. He was warned of the flood by the Matsya avatar of Vishnu, and built a boat that carried his family and the seven sages to safety, helped by Matsya."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsya"In the tale of Matsya in the Vana Parva Book of the epic Mahabharata, Manu is introduced as Vaivasvata Manu - Vaivasvata being a patronymic - the son of the sun god Vivasvan (Surya) and a powerful rishi (sage) equal to Brahma in glory.---- In Mesopotamia ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"After these four post-diluvian Apkallus came the first completely human advisers, who were called ummanu."---- On Easter Island ----On Easter Island, "Makemake" is the creator of humanity, the god of fertility and the chief god of the "Tangata manu" or "bird-man" cult.POINT NUMBER 14: Story of Atlantis came from Egypt, and relates to South AmericaIt makes a whole lot of sense to me that the stories written on the walls at the temple of Edfu in Egypt, which mentions the gods living on an island that got distroyed, may somehow relate to the story of Atlantis. Especially since the origin of the story of Atlantis is from Egypt.Was there ancient Atlantic trade between Egypt and South America?The Atlantis Bolivia Hypothesishttps://youtu.be/1-Ue7dHnIko?list=PL8FAE3DMn2M4ul5kY0Or9Irw-eB3sQb45This video explains how the detailed descriptions of Atlantis seem to relate to the Altiplano in the Andes Mountains. Don't believe it? Watch the video.http://www.atlantisbolivia.org/In Egypt, at Dashur, the pyramids are colored with red, white, and black stone. At Giza there are hints of the same colors in the past. These are the same colors mentioned in "The Atlantis Bolivia Hypothesis" referring to the location in Bolivia.The name Atlantis, Atlantic, or Atlanti, if divided into two words "Atl" and "Anti", relate to the ancient great circle in many ways."Atl" is the Nahuatl (Aztec) word for "water"."Anti" is the Quechua (native American language from the Andes in South America) word for "east".Both languages are western world languages, so in an ancient language, "Atlanti" would have likely meant "water to the east".http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andes"The majority consensus is that [the name 'Andes' for the mountain range] derives from the Quechua word anti which means 'east' as in Antisuyu (Quechua for 'east region'), one of the four regions of the Inca Empire."The Quechua word for copper is "anta".From the coastal regions of Peru and Bolivia, the sun rises in the "anti" (east) over the Andes mountains. Inti is the son of the sun god Viracocha.Fun fact, if you point to the east, you're pointing in a direction going opposite (anti) of the movement of the heavens.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)"In Greek mythology, Atlas (/ˈætləs/; Ancient Greek: Ἄτλας) was the primordial Titan who held up the celestial spheres. He is also the titan of astronomy and navigation. Although associated with various places, he became commonly identified with the Atlas Mountains in northwest Africa (Modern-day Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia)."The combined gods Atlas-Inti (AtlaIntis) and the combined associated mountains Atlas-Andes (Atlandes)? The only thing I'm trying to say here is that the Greek names could very likely be influenced by ancient trade with the Americas.http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/atlasThe word "altas" means "a bound collection of tables, charts, or plates."POINT NUMBER 15: Sacred geometry, Chakana, and Mandala seem to have developed from a common ancient geometryhttp://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/sacredgeometry.htm#flower"The Tree of Life is most widely recognized as a concept within the Kabbalah, which is used to understand the nature of God and the manner in which he created the world. The Kabbalists developed this concept into a full model of reality, using the tree to depict a "map" of creation. The tree of life has been called the "cosmology" of the Kabbalah.""Some of the best examples of the application of sacred geometry can be seen in constructions from the ancient world. It has been shown (1), that ancient sacred and ceremonial sites were invariably built with dimensions that incorporate mathematical figures such as infinite numbers, astronomical or mathematical constants (such as Pi or the 'sacred' mean), and the use of geometry (3:4:5 Pythagorean triangle etc). The application of 'sacred' geometry in our most important buildings is a reflection of the importance attached to it, but exactly how early was such information realised?"---- Mesopotamia ----http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halaf_cultureOn one of the images on this wikipedia page (the round object), the influence of a form of sacred geometry is clearly shown, and this culture ended by 5000BC.---- South America ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chakana"According to New Age philosophies the chakana (or Inca Cross) symbolizes for Inca mythology what is known in other mythologies as the World Tree, Tree of Life and so on. The stepped cross is made up of an equal-armed cross indicating the cardinal points of the compass and a superimposed square. The square represents the other two levels of existence. The three levels of existence are Hana Pacha (the upper world inhabited by the superior gods), Kay Pacha, (the world of our everyday existence) and Ucu or Urin Pacha (the underworld inhabited by spirits of the dead, the ancestors, their overlords and various deities having close contact to the Earth plane). The hole through the centre of the cross is the Axis by means of which the shaman transits the cosmic vault to the other levels."---- India ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala"The basic form of most mandalas is a square with four gates containing a circle with a center point."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khajuraho_Group_of_Monuments"An overall examination of site suggests that the Hindu symbolic mandala design principle of square and circles is present each temple plan and design."Khajuraho is along the ancient great circle.----circles may have come from observing the patterns of the stars.I'm guessing that the ancient travelers may have used a circle with 260 degrees, relating to the 26,000 year period of the rotation of the pole stars. Things got modified over time and historically we call this period the precession of the equinoxes. At some point, a Greek astronomer used the wrong figure...https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axial_precession"Hipparchus concluded that the equinoxes were moving ("precessing") through the zodiac, and that the rate of precession was not less than 1° in a century, in other words, completing a full cycle in no more than 36000 years."... and now we have a 360 degree circle.POINT NUMBER 16: Ruins near Lake Titicaca show knowledge of the Earth being round.According to this website ( http://viewzone.com/tia.html )"Analysis of this culture has shown that ancient Tiahuanacan scientists knew that the earth was a globe which rotated on its axis and they calculated exactly the times of eclipses -- even those not visible at Tiahuanaco but visible in the opposite hemisphere."POINT NUMBER 17: Polynesian myths share similarities with Egypt and India.I've been trying to find clues about the ancients that traveled the world by looking up local myths along the ancient great circle. It's been difficult to piece together anything from the polynesian island myths... except that they share similarities to other myths around the world. It seems the struggle between the gods Maui and Tuna throughout Polynesia resemble the ongoing struggles between Ra and Apep in Egypt, and Garuda and Vasuki in India. More on this below.POINT NUMBER 18: Serpents (snakes and eels) associated with the underworld -Tuna (polynesia) is the god of eels, and Vasuki (India) is the king of serpents. Apep (Egypt) is represented as a serpent. Apep, Tuna, and Vasuki seem to be associated with the underworld. And serpents are creatures of the ground. And eels of water. Snakes and eels associated with the earth and sea (animals that crawl or swim).POINT NUMBER 19: Sun Gods associated with birds -Maui (polynesia), Garuda (India), and Ra (Egypt) are all somehow associated with the sun.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RaRa is often shown as a sun god with a falcon head.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GarudaGaruda, a bird-like creature, is the mount (vahana) of the Lord Vishnu.Maui isn't as simplistic, but there are connections. Many of the polynesian myths, Maui restrains the sun. There are similar stories in South America. In the Maori myths, Maui takes on the shape of a pigeon when he looks for his father. His father's name is "Makeatuta".On Easter Island, "Makemake" is the creator of humanity, the god of fertility and the chief god of the "Tangata manu" or "bird-man" cult.In the Hawaiian myths, Maui's father's name is "Ru" (Ra?)POINT NUMBER 20: Sons of sun godshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)In India, Vaivasvata Manu, a powerful sage, the king of Dravida before the great flood, is the son of the sun god Vivasvan.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IntiAnd in South America, Inca emperors were believed to be descended from Inti, the ancient Inca sun god and son of Viracocha.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PharaohAnd in Egypt, Pharaoh was the son of the sun god Ra.Bird-headed Apkallu (Mesopotamia)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"They served as priests of Enki and as advisors or sages to the earliest kings of Sumer before the flood.""They appear in one of three forms, bird-headed, human-headed or dressed in fish-skin cloaks."POINT NUMBER 21: The sun battles with the underworld.Birds and serpents are enemies. Maui battled Tuna (Eel God), Garuda (a bird-like creature) battled Vasuki (King of serpents), and Ra (falcon head) battled Apep (serpent).These ongoing battles seem to relate to the way the sun rises and sets. The sun during the day, the bird, falls to the serpent at sunset, and the serpent loses to the bird at sunrise. The red of the sunrise or sunset relates to blood during a battle.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apep#Battles_with_Ra"Since everyone can see that the sun is not attacked by a giant snake during the day, every day, storytellers said that Apep must lie just below the horizon. This appropriately made him a part of the underworld. In some stories Apep waited for Ra in a western mountain called Bakhu, where the sun set, and in others Apep lurked just before dawn, in the Tenth region of the Night. The wide range of Apep's possible location gained him the title World Encircler. It was thought that his terrifying roar would cause the underworld to rumble. Myths sometimes say that Apep was trapped there, because he had been the previous chief god overthrown by Ra, or because he was evil and had been imprisoned."The Nemes Egyptian headress features a vulture head and a cobra head side by side presented upon the forehead of the Pharaoh.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NemesThe coat of arms of Mexico is the battle of a bird and snake.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_MexicoPOINT NUMBER 22: The Ancients worshiped the stars.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrolatry"Astrolatry is the worship of stars and other heavenly bodies as deities, or the association of deities with heavenly bodies. The most common instances of this are sun gods and moon gods in polytheistic systems worldwide. Also notable is the association of the planets with deities in Babylonian, and hence in Greco-Roman religion, viz. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursa_Major"The constellation of Ursa Major has been seen as a bear by many distinct civilizations. This may stem from a common oral tradition stretching back more than 13,000 years.""In Hinduism, Ursa Major is known as Saptarshi, each of the stars representing one of the Saptarshis or Seven Sages..."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Island"Another name [for Easter Island], 'Mata ki te rangi', means 'Eyes looking to the sky'."Angkor Wat reflects the constellation of Draco (VASUKI in India, I assume).ASTRONOMY AT ANGKOR BY JIM ALISONhttp://www.earthportals.com/Portal_Messenger/draco.htmlIt has been suggested that the Pyramids of Giza reflect the belt of orion (Orion was Osirus in Egypt, the belt is also known as "the three kings").The Orion-Theoryhttp://doernenburg.alien.de/alternativ/orion/ori00_e.phpOrion Correlation Theoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orion_correlation_theoryThere are some criticisms with the alignment (check out the "criticisms" section of the above wikipedia article). Also, among all my research here, I felt something a bit out of place.Angkor Wat represents Draco, which is a northern constellation.Easter Island is the "home of the gods" and represents "the seven sages" or the big dipper, a northern constellation.If these two both matched northern constellations, why would Giza match Orion, an equatorial constellation?Plus, if there is a snake involved, you'd think there'd be a bird too.GIZA'S COSMIC BLUEPRINT - PART ONE - IS CYGNUS THE KEY TO UNLOCKING THE PYRAMIDS' GRAND UNIFIED PLAN?http://www.andrewcollins.com/page/articles/cygnus_blueprint.htmIt seems that the ancient people who lived before our current understanding of history studied the precession of the celestial north pole. It seems that the constellation of Draco spins around the middle point over a period of about 26,000 years. On both sides of Draco is Cygnus and Ursa Major.https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Precession_starchart.pngAbove is a star chart which shows this relationship in the northern sky. The circle is the movement of the north pole stars over the 26,000 year period.The bird (Cygnus), snake (Draco), and bear or other animal, depending on location (Ursa Major) is reflected in the center of the wheel of lifehttps://www.google.com/search?q=bird+pig+snake&espv=2&biw=1627&bih=939&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=TwCPVe_bLITlsAXqgLE4&ved=0CDkQsAQ#tbm=isch&q=wheel+of+life+bird+pig+snake&imgrc=_(google search: wheel of life bird pig snakeDraco spinning around the north ecliptic pole seems to be the origin for the design of the Rod of Asclepius.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_of_AsclepiusI believe this is also related to the story of Adam and Eve.STAR WORSHIP: Among the Isrealiteshttp://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13990-star-worshipThe combination of Draco and Cygnus seems to be reflected in the Caduceus, which is interestingly the symbol of commerce.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CaduceusPOINT NUMBER 24: Celestial NavigationCelestial Navigationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_navigation"Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is the ancient art and science of position fixing that enables a navigator to transition through a space without having to rely on estimated calculations, or dead reckoning, to know his or her position. Celestial navigation uses "sights," or angular measurements taken between a celestial body (the sun, the moon, a planet or a star) and the visible horizon. The sun is most commonly used, but navigators can also use the moon, a planet or one of 57 navigational stars whose coordinates are tabulated in the Nautical Almanac and Air Almanacs."http://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanAtlas.html (notice Atlas, with the cap and beard in the image is standing on a boat, with a serpent coming from the edge of the boat, and a bird)"ATLAS was one of the second-generation Titans. He personified the quality of endurance (atlaô). In one tradition, Atlas led the Titanes in a rebellion against Zeus and was condemned to bear the heavens upon his shoulders. In another, he was said to have been appointed guardian of the pillars which held earth and sky asunder. He was also the god who instructed mankind in the art of astronomy, a tool which was used by sailors in navigation and farmers in measuring the seasons. These roles were often combined and Atlas becomes the god who turns the heaven on their axis, causing the stars to revolve""Herakles sought the assistance of Atlas in his quest to recover the Apples of the Hesperides. He slew the Drakon which tormented the Titan and took upon himself the weight of the heavens, while Atlas recovered the apples for him. Subsequently Herakles tricked the Titan into retaking the heavens upon his shoulders, or erected the Pillars of Heaven to permanently relieve Atlas of his burden."Sailing at sea would be a great time to tell tales of floods. You can watch the land sink beneath the horizon as you drift further away, and what you are left with is a boat, the ocean, and the stars to navigate by. I believe this is why Atlantis "sank" into the ocean (during the journey back to the old world).http://www.goldkist.net/angkorwat/angkorincar.htm"Do collect all the seeds, plants and animals required for the next spell of creation and get into the boat and await me. Take VASUKI, the king of Serpents, also with you. The SAPTHA RISHIS (seven Sages) will also be with you'."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_SeasNahuatl means "four waters".Nahui is the Nahuatl word for "four".Atl is the Nahuatl word for "water".
POINT NUMBER 1: Many ancient sites (including the Great Pyramid of Giza, Easter Island, and Machu Picchu) line up in a straight line around the world to form a gigantic circle. The circle is a "great circle", which divides the planet into two equal hemispheres.THE PREHISTORIC ALIGNMENT OF WORLD WONDERShttp://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/Revelation of the Pyramids (documentary)https://youtu.be/uN_tWSbDhw8This is a quote from the video above describing a list of ancient sites along this circle: "In Peru, [the circle] passes through the Paracas drawing, the Nazca tracks, Ollantaytambo, Machu Picchu, Cuzco, Sacsayhuaman, and the Paratoari pyramids. In Africa it crosses Mali and the mysterious Dogon lands, where they knew the stars Sirius B and C before any astronomers. Algeria and the Tassili N'Ajjier with it's painted Martian God. In Egypt it goes through the Siwa oasis and Zeus Ammon temple and through the great pyramid at Giza. Next, it crosses Petra, Ur, where Abraham was born, Persepolis in Iran, Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan, where the unreadable writing was found that is so close to the writing on Easter Island. Then it crosses sites that've always been known as the home of the Gods, Khajuraho in India, Pyay in Burma, Sukhothai in Tiwain, Angkor Wat, and Preah Vihear in Cambodia, and it ends with the most isolated and mysterious place on Earth, Easter Island. There is an astonishing accuracy to this alignment. Although many of these sites date from different times, most were built on the ruins of more ancient sacred sites. At some remote point in the past, someone had built a series of sacred sites on this line, circling the globe. The circle was as long as the equator."
POINT NUMBER 2: Significance of LARGE stone ruins.Some ancient sites across the world exhibit building techniques too similar to be considered isolated and independent technology, such as the use of stone carved keystone cuts and poured metal clamps (found in Egypt, Cambodia, and South America). Also, the same locations using that specific technique often feature precise alignment of incredibly heavy large stones fitted together, sometimes so tightly you can't even get a razor blade between them. Construction using very large stones (some almost too heavy for modern machinery) was practiced all over the world in ancient times. Egypt, Greece, Turkey, Lebanon, India, Cambodia, Vietnam, Easter Island and other pacific islands, Peru, Bolivia, Mexico, and others. In this presentation about megalithic sites, David Childress talks about many sites using specific techniques, their relationships, and other interesting details.MEGALITHOMANIA 2008: David H.Childress - Lost Cities of S. America & the Pacifichttps://youtu.be/zFtxOvRJVC8These construction techniques are also mentioned in the "Revelation of the Pyramids" video.
POINT NUMBER 3: Angkor Wat has shared significance with the pyramids in Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkor_Wat"The monument was made out of millions of tonnes of sandstone and it has a greater volume as well as mass than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt. The Angkor Wat Temple consumes about 6 million to 10 million blocks of sandstone with an average weight of 1.5 tons each. In fact, the entire city of Angkor used up far greater amounts of stone than all the Egyptian pyramids combined, and occupied an area significantly greater than modern-day Paris. Moreover, unlike the Egyptian pyramids which use limestone quarried barely half a km away all the time, the entire city of Angkor was built with sandstone quarried 40 km (or more) away."
POINT NUMBER 4: If you found the spot halfway between the Great Pyramid in Egypt and Angkor Wat in Cambodia, and you went straight down through the Earth, you would end up very close to Easter Island. Easter Island is surrounded by a vast ocean. All three locations also line up with the ancient great circle (give or take 1 degree).Great Pyramid to Easter Island: 10,042.37 miAngkor Wat to Easter Island: 10,094.19 miGreat Pyramid to Angkor Wat: 4,734.15 mi(distances obtained from www.distance.to)
POINT NUMBER 5: Egyptian hieroglyphics mention an island as a home of the gods. Easter Island and the seven sages?Quest for the Lost Civilization - Graham Hancockhttps://youtu.be/T5DNvYMtkykIn the above documentary series, Graham Hancock says, "this is the temple of Edfu in upper Egypt. Carved on it's walls are acres of hieroglyphic texts which speak of a time when the gods lived on an island surrounded by a vast ocean. A terrible flood destroyed the island and drowned almost all of it's divine inhabitants. There were only a few survivors, amongst them the seven sages, (also called the seven builder gods) who chose to settle in Egypt. They traveled around this land building sacred mounds which were to be the foundations of all future temples. Their objective was nothing less than to re-create the former world of the gods."On Easter Island, the only moai (statues) facing away from the island are a line of seven. They are facing west.http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-americas-opinion-guest-authors/cataclysm-easter-island-and-statures-walked-part-3"Maziere then goes on to discuss the legend of seven explorers first sent out to find 'the navel of the world' and then to return and guide the two giant canoes to safety on Rapa Nui."
POINT NUMBER 6: Ancient writing was discovered at Easter Island which looks very similar to ancient writing found at Mohenjo-daro on the opposite side of the world (about 125 miles west of the halfway point between the Great Pyramid and Angkor Wat. Mohenjo-daro also lines up with the great circle.Comparison between Indus Valley script and Easter Island Scripthttp://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/easterislandindusvalley.htmThis page is also a good read and shows similarities with other ancient writings around the world.http://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/easterislandindusvalley1.htm
POINT NUMBER 7: The most accurate part of the ancient great circle is a straight line between Giza and Easter Island.http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/"Easter Island, Nazca, Ollantaytambo, Paratoari, Tassili n'Ajjer and Giza are all aligned on a single great circle."Additional sites are located at various degrees of distance from the circle. Machu Picchu, Mohenjo-daro, the ancient city of Ur, and Angkor Wat are all within one degree to the circle or closer.It is likely that if one were to travel across the ocean from Egypt to Easter Island, they would take the Amazon by ship to cut through most of South America.http://home.hiwaay.net/~jalison/"This circle crosses over the source and the mouth of the Amazon, the dividing line between upper and lower Egypt, the mouth of the Tigris-Euphrates, the Indus River and the Bay of Bengal near the mouth of the Ganges."
POINT NUMBER 8: Ancient South America shares many cultural characteristics with ancient Egypt. One of which is the ancient reed boat designs. The Totora plant shares connections with Easter Island as well.Graham Hancock says, "The boat building skills of the local Aymara Indians have long been acknowledged.""The boats are made from totora reeds. Almost identical boats were made in Egypt using papyrus reeds."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totora_%28plant%29"[Totora reeds are] found in South America - notably on Lake Titicaca, the middle coast of Perú and on Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean." ... "Work has been done that suggests that totora reeds have been on Easter island for at least 30,000 years."
POINT NUMBER 9: The Pyramids at Giza, Angkor Wat in Cambodia, and Mohenjo-daro are all located along rivers that in one way or another lead to the ocean.Mohenjo-daro is near the Indus River ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_River )The Great Pyramid at Giza is near the Nile ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile )Angkor Wat is near the Tonlé Sap lake, which also connects to the sea ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap )Easter Island is surrounded by vast ocean.All align with the ancient great circle.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization"Indus Valley sites have been found most often on rivers, but also on the ancient seacoast, for example, Balakot, and on islands, for example, Dholavira."NewScientist: Did ancient mariners set sail from the Indus valley?http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13818790.400-did-ancient-mariners-set-sail-from-the-indus-valley.htmlPOINT
NUMBER 10: Ancient maritime trade developed between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley along the upper part of the Arabian Sea.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"According to the myth, human beings were initially unaware of the benefits of culture and civilization. The god Enki sent from Dilmun, amphibious half-fish, half-human creatures, who emerged from the oceans to live with the early human beings and teach them the arts and other aspects of civilization such as writing, law, temple and city building and agriculture. These creatures are known as the Apkallu."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilmun"Dilmun was mentioned by Mesopotamian civilizations as a trade partner, a source of the metal copper, and an entrepôt of the Mesopotamia-to-Indus Valley Civilization trade route.""Dilmun is also described in the epic story of Enki and Ninhursag as the site at which the Creation occurred. The later Babylonian Enuma Elish, speaks of the creation site as the place where the mixture of salt water, personified as Tiamat met and mingled with the fresh water of Abzu."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"The Apkallu (Akkadian) or Abgal, (Sumerian) are seven Sumerian sages, demigods who are said to have been created by the god Enki (Akkadian: Ea) to establish culture and give civilization to mankind." ... "They were seen as fish-like men who emerged from the sweet water Abzu. They are commonly represented as having the lower torso of a fish, or dressed as a fish."The "fish-like men" and "lower torso of a fish" is beyond my research at this point. However, Matsya in Hinduism also has this depiction.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsya"Matsya (Sanskrit: मत्स्य, literally 'Fish') is the avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu in the form of a fish." ... "Matsya may be depicted as a giant fish, or anthropomorphically with a human torso connected to the rear half of a fish."However, this aspect sounds to me like it may have something to do with boats. This is what these ancient boats may have looked like:https://www.google.com/search?q=ancient+reed+boat&oq=ancient+reed+boat&aqs=chrome..69i57.1569003568j0j0&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=122&ie=UTF-8(google search "ancient reed boat")Imagine seeing these people for the first time, coming from across the sea having never seen anything like them before. They could have been seen as being part man and part fish. Especially the first picture here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed_boathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abzu"literally, ab='ocean' zu='deep' was the name for the primeval sea below the void space of the underworld (Kur) and the earth (Ma) above. It may also refer to fresh water from underground aquifers that was given a religious fertilizing quality. Lakes, springs, rivers, wells, and other sources of fresh water were thought to draw their water from the abzu.""Fresh water of Abzu" and "sweet water Abzu" sound like rivers to me.
POINT NUMBER 11: Ancient South America related to ancient India culture and the seven sages.Lake Titicacahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Titicaca"By volume of water, it is the largest lake in South America.""It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world, with a surface elevation of 3,812 metres (12,507 ft)" ... "At least two dozen bodies of water around the world are at higher elevations, but all are much smaller and shallower.""The lake is located at the northern end of the endorheic Altiplano basin high in the Andes on the border of Peru and Bolivia.""The origin of the name Titicaca is unknown.""Titicaca (in the hispanicized spelling) or Titiqaqa (Quechua)"http://viewzone.com/tiwan.html"The word Titicaca has no meaning any of the Andean languages.In Sanskrit, the word GaGga, (GAHG-gah) means 'river,' but not just any river. It means a river as sacred as or related to the Ganges.In Tamil, it is KaGkai (KAHG-ky), meaning the same as the above.In Sanskrit, Diti was the wife of the god Kasyapa (sea tortoise)."Sanskrit: Diti GaGgaTamil: Titi KaGkaiQuechua: Titi qaqahttp://viewzone.com/tiwan.html"In Sanskrit, Diti was the wife of the god Kasyapa (sea tortoise)."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashyapa"Kashyapa (Sanskrit कश्यप kaśyapa) was an ancient sage (rishi), who is one of the Saptarishis in the present Manvantara: others being Atri, Vashistha, Vishvamitra, Jamadagni, Bharadwaja, Gautama."Tiwanakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiwanaku"The ruins of the ancient city state are near the south-eastern shore of Lake Titicaca"http://viewzone.com/tiwan.html"If the natives living near Tiwanaku gave the name Kalasaya to the mound atop which lies the impressive Portal of the Sun, we have further proof of a previous Hindu-Turkic presence in Tiwanaku. This word is similar to the Sanskrit Kailasa, the mountain of Kubera and Shiva (Meru)."According to Graham Hancock, "Viracocha was said to have come to the Andes in a time of darkness, after a great cataclysm. And he and his companions traveled northwards, teaching a religion of compassion and love. And teaching also skills such as astronomy and architecture.""They were said to have come from across the sea in a boat that moved by itself without paddles, and to have established themselves at lake Titicaca."North of Lake Titicaca lies Cuzco, Peru and Machu Picchu.VIRACOCHA: The Supreme God Vishnu in the Western Hemispherehttps://bhaktianandascollectedworks.wordpress.com/2012/05/18/viracocha-the-supreme-god-vishnu-in-the-western-hemisphere/
POINT NUMBER 12: Global ancient language and the word "Manu".---- In South America ----Paratoari aligns with the ancient great circle.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paratoari"Paratoari (also known as the Pyramids of Paratoari, Pyramids of Pantiacolla or 'The Dots') is a site composed of pyramid-shaped natural formations in the Manu area of dense tropical rainforest in southeast Peru."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%C3%BA_National_Park"Manú National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional del Manu) is a biosphere reserve located in Madre de Dios and Paucartambo, Cusco."---- In India ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)"In Hindu tradition, Manu is the name of accorded to a progenitor of humanity being the first human to appear in the world in an epoch after universal destruction.""The current world is that of Vaivasvata, the seventh Manu of the aeon of the white boar (sveta varaha kalpa). Vaivasvata, also known as Sraddhadeva or Satyavrata, was the king of Dravida before the great flood. He was warned of the flood by the Matsya avatar of Vishnu, and built a boat that carried his family and the seven sages to safety, helped by Matsya."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsya"In the tale of Matsya in the Vana Parva Book of the epic Mahabharata, Manu is introduced as Vaivasvata Manu - Vaivasvata being a patronymic - the son of the sun god Vivasvan (Surya) and a powerful rishi (sage) equal to Brahma in glory.---- In Mesopotamia ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"After these four post-diluvian Apkallus came the first completely human advisers, who were called ummanu."---- On Easter Island ----On Easter Island, "Makemake" is the creator of humanity, the god of fertility and the chief god of the "Tangata manu" or "bird-man" cult.
POINT NUMBER 13: The seven sages and the flood---- In Egypt ----Quest for the Lost Civilization - Graham Hancockhttps://youtu.be/T5DNvYMtkyk"Carved on it's walls are acres of hieroglyphic texts which speak of a time when the gods lived on an island surrounded by a vast ocean. A terrible flood destroyed the island and drowned almost all of it's divine inhabitants. There were only a few survivors, amongst them the seven sages, (also called the seven builder gods) who chose to settle in Egypt."---- In India ----http://www.goldkist.net/angkorwat/angkorincar.htm"The ten incarnations of Vishnu is a Hindu theological concept in Vedic history."Under "Matsya Avtaar" (the first of the ten incarnations,) it says this..."Satyavrata immediately prostrated before the Fish and prayed to be told why God had appeared in the form of Fish. The Lord told his devotee, 'Just a week from now, the ocean will rise and inundate the entire Universe for the dissolution of creation. At that time you will see a spacious boat approaching you. Do collect all the seeds, plants and animals required for the next spell of creation and get into the boat and await me. Take VASUKI, the king of Serpents, also with you. The SAPTHA RISHIS (seven Sages) will also be with you'."---- In Mesopotamia ----http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"The Apkallu (Akkadian) or Abgal, (Sumerian) are seven Sumerian sages, demigods who are said to have been created by the god Enki (Akkadian: Ea) to establish culture and give civilization to mankind. They served as priests of Enki and as advisors or sages to the earliest kings of Sumer before the flood."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utnapishtim"The oncoming flood would wipe out all animals and humans that were not on the ship, a concept similar to the biblical story of Noah's Ark. After twelve days on the water, Utnapishtim opened the hatch of his ship to look around and saw the slopes of Mount Nisir, where he rested his ship for seven days. On the seventh day, he sent a dove out to see if the water had receded, and the dove could find nothing but water, so it returned."---- In the Bible ----Genesis 7:1-4 -Then the Lord said to Noah, “Come into the ark, you and all your household, because I have seen that you are righteous before Me in this generation. You shall take with you seven each of every clean animal, a male and his female; two each of animals that are unclean, a male and his female; also seven each of birds of the air, male and female, to keep the species alive on the face of all the earth. For after seven more days I will cause it to rain on the earth forty days and forty nights, and I will destroy from the face of the earth all living things that I have made.”Genesis 8:4 -Then the ark rested in the seventh month, the seventeenth day of the month, on the mountains of Ararat.---- On Easter Island ----http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-americas-opinion-guest-authors/cataclysm-easter-island-and-statures-walked-part-3"Maziere then goes on to discuss the legend of seven explorers first sent out to find 'the navel of the world' and then to return and guide the two giant canoes to safety on Rapa Nui."On Easter Island, the only moai facing away from the island are a line of seven. They are facing west.
POINT NUMBER 14: Story of Atlantis came from Egypt, and relates to South AmericaIt makes a whole lot of sense to me that the stories written on the walls at the temple of Edfu in Egypt, which mentions the gods living on an island that got distroyed, may somehow relate to the story of Atlantis. Especially since the origin of the story of Atlantis is from Egypt.Was there ancient Atlantic trade between Egypt and South America?The Atlantis Bolivia Hypothesishttps://youtu.be/1-Ue7dHnIko?list=PL8FAE3DMn2M4ul5kY0Or9Irw-eB3sQb45This video explains how the detailed descriptions of Atlantis seem to relate to the Altiplano in the Andes Mountains. Don't believe it? Watch the video.http://www.atlantisbolivia.org/In Egypt, at Dashur, the pyramids are colored with red, white, and black stone. At Giza there are hints of the same colors in the past. These are the same colors mentioned in "The Atlantis Bolivia Hypothesis" referring to the location in Bolivia.The name Atlantis, Atlantic, or Atlanti, if divided into two words "Atl" and "Anti", relate to the ancient great circle in many ways."Atl" is the Nahuatl (Aztec) word for "water"."Anti" is the Quechua (native American language from the Andes in South America) word for "east".Both languages are western world languages, so in an ancient language, "Atlanti" would have likely meant "water to the east".http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andes"The majority consensus is that [the name 'Andes' for the mountain range] derives from the Quechua word anti which means 'east' as in Antisuyu (Quechua for 'east region'), one of the four regions of the Inca Empire."The Quechua word for copper is "anta".From the coastal regions of Peru and Bolivia, the sun rises in the "anti" (east) over the Andes mountains. Inti is the son of the sun god Viracocha.Fun fact, if you point to the east, you're pointing in a direction going opposite (anti) of the movement of the heavens.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)"In Greek mythology, Atlas (/ˈætləs/; Ancient Greek: Ἄτλας) was the primordial Titan who held up the celestial spheres. He is also the titan of astronomy and navigation. Although associated with various places, he became commonly identified with the Atlas Mountains in northwest Africa (Modern-day Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia)."The combined gods Atlas-Inti (AtlaIntis) and the combined associated mountains Atlas-Andes (Atlandes)? The only thing I'm trying to say here is that the Greek names could very likely be influenced by ancient trade with the Americas.http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/atlasThe word "altas" means "a bound collection of tables, charts, or plates."
POINT NUMBER 15: Sacred geometry, Chakana, and Mandala seem to have developed from a common ancient geometryhttp://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/sacredgeometry.htm#flower"The Tree of Life is most widely recognized as a concept within the Kabbalah, which is used to understand the nature of God and the manner in which he created the world. The Kabbalists developed this concept into a full model of reality, using the tree to depict a "map" of creation. The tree of life has been called the "cosmology" of the Kabbalah.""Some of the best examples of the application of sacred geometry can be seen in constructions from the ancient world. It has been shown (1), that ancient sacred and ceremonial sites were invariably built with dimensions that incorporate mathematical figures such as infinite numbers, astronomical or mathematical constants (such as Pi or the 'sacred' mean), and the use of geometry (3:4:5 Pythagorean triangle etc). The application of 'sacred' geometry in our most important buildings is a reflection of the importance attached to it, but exactly how early was such information realised?"---- Mesopotamia ----http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halaf_cultureOn one of the images on this wikipedia page (the round object), the influence of a form of sacred geometry is clearly shown, and this culture ended by 5000BC.---- South America ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chakana"According to New Age philosophies the chakana (or Inca Cross) symbolizes for Inca mythology what is known in other mythologies as the World Tree, Tree of Life and so on. The stepped cross is made up of an equal-armed cross indicating the cardinal points of the compass and a superimposed square. The square represents the other two levels of existence. The three levels of existence are Hana Pacha (the upper world inhabited by the superior gods), Kay Pacha, (the world of our everyday existence) and Ucu or Urin Pacha (the underworld inhabited by spirits of the dead, the ancestors, their overlords and various deities having close contact to the Earth plane). The hole through the centre of the cross is the Axis by means of which the shaman transits the cosmic vault to the other levels."---- India ----https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala"The basic form of most mandalas is a square with four gates containing a circle with a center point."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khajuraho_Group_of_Monuments"An overall examination of site suggests that the Hindu symbolic mandala design principle of square and circles is present each temple plan and design."Khajuraho is along the ancient great circle.----This obsession with circles may have come from observing the patterns of the stars.I'm guessing that the ancient travelers may have used a circle with 260 degrees, relating to the 26,000 year period of the rotation of the pole stars. Things got modified over time and historically we call this period the precession of the equinoxes. At some point, a Greek astronomer used the wrong figure...https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axial_precession"Hipparchus concluded that the equinoxes were moving ("precessing") through the zodiac, and that the rate of precession was not less than 1° in a century, in other words, completing a full cycle in no more than 36000 years."... and now we have a 360 degree circle.
POINT NUMBER 16: Ruins near Lake Titicaca show knowledge of the Earth being round.According to this website ( http://viewzone.com/tia.html )"Analysis of this culture has shown that ancient Tiahuanacan scientists knew that the earth was a globe which rotated on its axis and they calculated exactly the times of eclipses -- even those not visible at Tiahuanaco but visible in the opposite hemisphere."
POINT NUMBER 17: Polynesian myths share similarities with Egypt and India.I've been trying to find clues about the ancients that traveled the world by looking up local myths along the ancient great circle. It's been difficult to piece together anything from the polynesian island myths... except that they share similarities to other myths around the world. It seems the struggle between the gods Maui and Tuna throughout Polynesia resemble the ongoing struggles between Ra and Apep in Egypt, and Garuda and Vasuki in India. More on this below.
POINT NUMBER 18: Serpents (snakes and eels) associated with the underworld -Tuna (polynesia) is the god of eels, and Vasuki (India) is the king of serpents. Apep (Egypt) is represented as a serpent. Apep, Tuna, and Vasuki seem to be associated with the underworld. And serpents are creatures of the ground. And eels of water. Snakes and eels associated with the earth and sea (animals that crawl or swim).
POINT NUMBER 19: Sun Gods associated with birds -Maui (polynesia), Garuda (India), and Ra (Egypt) are all somehow associated with the sun.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RaRa is often shown as a sun god with a falcon head.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GarudaGaruda, a bird-like creature, is the mount (vahana) of the Lord Vishnu.Maui isn't as simplistic, but there are connections. Many of the polynesian myths, Maui restrains the sun. There are similar stories in South America. In the Maori myths, Maui takes on the shape of a pigeon when he looks for his father. His father's name is "Makeatuta".On Easter Island, "Makemake" is the creator of humanity, the god of fertility and the chief god of the "Tangata manu" or "bird-man" cult.In the Hawaiian myths, Maui's father's name is "Ru" (Ra?)
POINT NUMBER 20: Sons of sun godshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)In India, Vaivasvata Manu, a powerful sage, the king of Dravida before the great flood, is the son of the sun god Vivasvan.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IntiAnd in South America, Inca emperors were believed to be descended from Inti, the ancient Inca sun god and son of Viracocha.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PharaohAnd in Egypt, Pharaoh was the son of the sun god Ra.Bird-headed Apkallu (Mesopotamia)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"They served as priests of Enki and as advisors or sages to the earliest kings of Sumer before the flood.""They appear in one of three forms, bird-headed, human-headed or dressed in fish-skin cloaks."
POINT NUMBER 21: The sun battles with the underworld.Birds and serpents are enemies. Maui battled Tuna (Eel God), Garuda (a bird-like creature) battled Vasuki (King of serpents), and Ra (falcon head) battled Apep (serpent).These ongoing battles seem to relate to the way the sun rises and sets. The sun during the day, the bird, falls to the serpent at sunset, and the serpent loses to the bird at sunrise. The red of the sunrise or sunset relates to blood during a battle.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apep#Battles_with_Ra"Since everyone can see that the sun is not attacked by a giant snake during the day, every day, storytellers said that Apep must lie just below the horizon. This appropriately made him a part of the underworld. In some stories Apep waited for Ra in a western mountain called Bakhu, where the sun set, and in others Apep lurked just before dawn, in the Tenth region of the Night. The wide range of Apep's possible location gained him the title World Encircler. It was thought that his terrifying roar would cause the underworld to rumble. Myths sometimes say that Apep was trapped there, because he had been the previous chief god overthrown by Ra, or because he was evil and had been imprisoned."The Nemes Egyptian headress features a vulture head and a cobra head side by side presented upon the forehead of the Pharaoh.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NemesThe coat of arms of Mexico is the battle of a bird and snake.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico
POINT NUMBER 22: The Ancients worshiped the stars.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrolatry"Astrolatry is the worship of stars and other heavenly bodies as deities, or the association of deities with heavenly bodies. The most common instances of this are sun gods and moon gods in polytheistic systems worldwide. Also notable is the association of the planets with deities in Babylonian, and hence in Greco-Roman religion, viz. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursa_Major"The constellation of Ursa Major has been seen as a bear by many distinct civilizations. This may stem from a common oral tradition stretching back more than 13,000 years.""In Hinduism, Ursa Major is known as Saptarshi, each of the stars representing one of the Saptarshis or Seven Sages..."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Island"Another name [for Easter Island], 'Mata ki te rangi', means 'Eyes looking to the sky'."Angkor Wat reflects the constellation of Draco (VASUKI in India, I assume).ASTRONOMY AT ANGKOR BY JIM ALISONhttp://www.earthportals.com/Portal_Messenger/draco.htmlIt has been suggested that the Pyramids of Giza reflect the belt of orion (Orion was Osirus in Egypt, the belt is also known as "the three kings").The Orion-Theoryhttp://doernenburg.alien.de/alternativ/orion/ori00_e.phpOrion Correlation Theoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orion_correlation_theoryThere are some criticisms with the alignment (check out the "criticisms" section of the above wikipedia article). Also, among all my research here, I felt something a bit out of place.Angkor Wat represents Draco, which is a northern constellation.Easter Island is the "home of the gods" and represents "the seven sages" or the big dipper, a northern constellation.If these two both matched northern constellations, why would Giza match Orion, an equatorial constellation?Plus, if there is a snake involved, you'd think there'd be a bird too.GIZA'S COSMIC BLUEPRINT - PART ONE - IS CYGNUS THE KEY TO UNLOCKING THE PYRAMIDS' GRAND UNIFIED PLAN?http://www.andrewcollins.com/page/articles/cygnus_blueprint.htmIt seems that the ancient people who lived before our current understanding of history studied the precession of the celestial north pole. It seems that the constellation of Draco spins around the middle point over a period of about 26,000 years. On both sides of Draco is Cygnus and Ursa Major.https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Precession_starchart.pngAbove is a star chart which shows this relationship in the northern sky. The circle is the movement of the north pole stars over the 26,000 year period.The bird (Cygnus), snake (Draco), and bear or other animal, depending on location (Ursa Major) is reflected in the center of the wheel of lifehttps://www.google.com/search?q=bird+pig+snake&espv=2&biw=1627&bih=939&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=TwCPVe_bLITlsAXqgLE4&ved=0CDkQsAQ#tbm=isch&q=wheel+of+life+bird+pig+snake&imgrc=_(google search: wheel of life bird pig snakeDraco spinning around the north ecliptic pole seems to be the origin for the design of the Rod of Asclepius.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_of_AsclepiusI believe this is also related to the story of Adam and Eve.STAR WORSHIP: Among the Isrealiteshttp://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13990-star-worshipThe combination of Draco and Cygnus seems to be reflected in the Caduceus, which is interestingly the symbol of commerce.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caduceus
POINT NUMBER 23: Did people from the Indus Valley do all this?With the amount of this information referencing back to Hinduism, and the Indus Valley's central location among Giza, Angkor Wat, and Easter Island. Could this have been where the ancient global travelers came from?Genesis 11:1-9, "And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech. And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there. And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter. And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth. And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded. And the Lord said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do. Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech. So the Lord scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city. Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the Lord did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the Lord scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eridu"Eridu was long considered the earliest city in southern Mesopotamia, and is still today argued to be the oldest city in the world.""The Egyptologist David Rohl has conjectured that Eridu, to the south of Ur, was the original Babel and site of the Tower of Babel, rather than the later city of Babylon, for several reasons...""In Sumerian mythology, Eridu was the home of the Abzu temple of the god Enki, the Sumerian counterpart of the Akkadian water-god Ea."Ur is also aligned with the ancient great circle. Mohenjo-daro is east of Ur.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohenjo-daro"Mohenjo-daro has a planned layout based on a street grid of rectilinear buildings. Most were built of fired and mortared brick; some incorporated sun-dried mud-brick and wooden superstructures."http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apkallu"The Apkallu (Akkadian) or Abgal, (Sumerian) are seven Sumerian sages, demigods who are said to have been created by the god Enki (Akkadian: Ea) to establish culture and give civilization to mankind. They served as priests of Enki and as advisors or sages to the earliest kings of Sumer before the flood. They are credited with giving mankind the Me (moral code), the crafts, and the arts.""The god Enki sent from Dilmun, amphibious half-fish, half-human creatures, who emerged from the oceans to live with the early human beings and teach them the arts and other aspects of civilization such as writing, law, temple and city building and agriculture. These creatures are known as the Apkallu."https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilmun"Dilmun was mentioned by Mesopotamian civilizations as a trade partner, a source of the metal copper, and an entrepôt of the Mesopotamia-to-Indus Valley Civilization trade route."
POINT NUMBER 24: Celestial NavigationCelestial Navigationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_navigation"Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is the ancient art and science of position fixing that enables a navigator to transition through a space without having to rely on estimated calculations, or dead reckoning, to know his or her position. Celestial navigation uses "sights," or angular measurements taken between a celestial body (the sun, the moon, a planet or a star) and the visible horizon. The sun is most commonly used, but navigators can also use the moon, a planet or one of 57 navigational stars whose coordinates are tabulated in the Nautical Almanac and Air Almanacs."http://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanAtlas.html (notice Atlas, with the cap and beard in the image is standing on a boat, with a serpent coming from the edge of the boat, and a bird)"ATLAS was one of the second-generation Titans. He personified the quality of endurance (atlaô). In one tradition, Atlas led the Titanes in a rebellion against Zeus and was condemned to bear the heavens upon his shoulders. In another, he was said to have been appointed guardian of the pillars which held earth and sky asunder. He was also the god who instructed mankind in the art of astronomy, a tool which was used by sailors in navigation and farmers in measuring the seasons. These roles were often combined and Atlas becomes the god who turns the heaven on their axis, causing the stars to revolve""Herakles sought the assistance of Atlas in his quest to recover the Apples of the Hesperides. He slew the Drakon which tormented the Titan and took upon himself the weight of the heavens, while Atlas recovered the apples for him. Subsequently Herakles tricked the Titan into retaking the heavens upon his shoulders, or erected the Pillars of Heaven to permanently relieve Atlas of his burden."Sailing at sea would be a great time to tell tales of floods. You can watch the land sink beneath the horizon as you drift further away, and what you are left with is a boat, the ocean, and the stars to navigate by. I believe this is why Atlantis "sank" into the ocean (during the journey back to the old world).http://www.goldkist.net/angkorwat/angkorincar.htm"Do collect all the seeds, plants and animals required for the next spell of creation and get into the boat and await me. Take VASUKI, the king of Serpents, also with you. The SAPTHA RISHIS (seven Sages) will also be with you'."
Göbekli Tepe
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe
Çayönü
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ay%C3%B6n%C3%BC
Cafer Höyük
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafer_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk
Flag of Mexico
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Mexico
Altair
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altair
Aquila
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquila_(constellation)